Nokea
The nurse is instructing a premenopausal woman about breast self-examination. The nurse should tell the client to do her self-examination:
- A. at the end of her menstrual cycle
- B. on the 1st day of the menstrual cycle
- C. on the same day each month
- D. immediately after her menstrual period
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should advise the premenopausal woman to perform her breast self-examination on the same day each month. Regular monthly self-examination helps the woman become familiar with the normal texture and appearance of her breasts, making it easier to detect any changes or abnormalities that may indicate a problem. Performing the examination on the same day each month helps ensure consistency in timing and facilitates the woman to establish a routine for self-examination. This consistent approach increases the likelihood of detecting any changes early, which is crucial for timely medical evaluation and intervention if needed.
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A nurse plans therapeutic play time for a hospitalized child. What are the benefits of play? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Serves as method to assist disturbed children
- B. Allows the child to express feelings
- C. The nurse can gain insight into the child's feelings.
- D. The child can deal with concerns and feelings.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Play serves as a method to assist disturbed children by providing them with a therapeutic outlet to express themselves and work through their emotions in a safe and constructive manner.
A female client with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) receives family-planning counseling. Which statement about safer sex practices for persons with HIV is accurate?
- A. If the client and her sexual partners are HIV positive, unprotected sex is permitted
- B. A latex condom with spermicide provides the best protection against HIV transmission during sexual intercourse
- C. Contraceptive methods like birth control pills, implants, and injections are recommended to prevent HIV transmission
- D. The intrauterine device is recommended for a client with HIV
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A latex condom with spermicide provides the best protection against HIV transmission during sexual intercourse. Safer sex practices for persons with HIV involve using condoms consistently and correctly during every sexual encounter to reduce the risk of HIV transmission to partners, regardless of their HIV status. Spermicide, while offering additional protection against pregnancies, does not provide additional protection against HIV transmission. Other contraceptive methods like birth control pills, implants, and injections are not effective in preventing HIV transmission. The intrauterine device is also not specifically recommended for clients with HIV as it does not provide protection against HIV transmission during sexual activities.
A patient who is being tested for HIV asks what tests are used. The nurse would correct in stating that the tests used to confirm HIV infection are which of the following?
- A. CD 4+ cell count and thymus function.
- B. ELISA and Western Blot
- C. B-cell and T-cell count.
- D. CD 4+, viral load, and ELISA
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) and Western Blot are the two main tests used to confirm HIV infection. ELISA is typically the first test performed to detect HIV antibodies in the blood. If the ELISA test is positive, the Western Blot test is then used to confirm the presence of HIV antibodies and differentiate between HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies. Both tests are highly sensitive and specific in diagnosing HIV infection. Other tests like CD4+ count and viral load are used to monitor disease progression but are not used primarily to confirm HIV infection.
Kim is using bronchodilators for asthma. The side effects of these drugs that you need to monitor this patient for include:
- A. tachycardia, nausea, vomiting, heart palpitations, inability to sleep, restlessness, and seizures.
- B. tachycardia, headache, dyspnea, temp. 101 F, and wheezing.
- C. blurred vision, tachycardia, hypertension, headache, insomnia, and oliguria.
- D. restlessness, insomnia, blurred vision, hypertension, chest pain, and muscleweakness.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Bronchodilators are medications used to relax and open the airways in the lungs, making it easier to breathe for patients with conditions like asthma. Common side effects of bronchodilators that need to be monitored in patients include tachycardia (increased heart rate), nausea, vomiting, heart palpitations, inability to sleep, restlessness, and in severe cases, seizures. These side effects can vary depending on the type of bronchodilator being used, but it is important for healthcare providers to monitor patients for these symptoms and adjust their treatment as needed.
How are young people with anorexia nervosa often described?
- A. Independent
- B. Disruptive
- C. Conforming
- D. Low achieving
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Young people with anorexia nervosa are often described as independent. This is because individuals with anorexia nervosa tend to exhibit strong willpower and control over their behavior, often making independent decisions related to their eating habits and body image. They may resist help or intervention, preferring to maintain control over their food intake and weight loss. This independence can make it challenging to address and treat anorexia nervosa effectively, as individuals may be resistant to seeking or accepting help.