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The nurse is preparing a plan of care for a client being treated with an antiviral drug. Which outcome would the nurse most likely identify? Select all that apply.
- A. Client remains free of other medical conditions.
- B. Client demonstrates an optimal response to therapy.
- C. Client exhibits continual changes in vital signs.
- D. Client demonstrates ability to manage adverse reactions.
- E. Client verbalizes understanding of the therapeutic regimen.
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Optimal response to therapy and meeting of client needs related to the management of adverse reactions and an understanding of the therapeutic regimen are outcomes that should be addressed by the nurse in the planning step of the nursing process. Continually changing vital signs would be inappropriate. Remaining free of other medical conditions would be unrealistic.
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A patient is being treated with saquinavir. The nurse would assess the patient for which of the following?
- A. Increase in patient's weight
- B. Evidence of liver dysfunction
- C. Photosensitivity
- D. Allergic skin reaction
- E. Diarrhea
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Patients taking saquinavir experience redistribution of body fat, with the movement to the center of the body. The nurse should spend time with these patients, encouraging them to verbalize their feelings regarding this change in appearance. Taking saquinavir does not cause liver dysfunction, photosensitivity, allergic skin reactions, or diarrhea.
A group of nursing students are reviewing information about antiretroviral therapy. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which conditions as requiring cautious use of this class of drugs? Select all that apply.
- A. Diabetes
- B. Hemophilia
- C. Impaired hepatic function
- D. Impaired renal function
- E. Hypertension
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Antiretroviral drugs should be used cautiously in clients with diabetes, impaired hepatic function, pregnancy, or hemophilia.
A group of nursing students are reviewing information about antiviral agents. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as a drug category used for treating viral infections? Select all that apply.
- A. Antiattachment
- B. Antiretroviral
- C. Antitranscription
- D. Antireplication
- E. Antiviral
Correct Answer: B,E
Rationale: The drugs used to treat viral infections can be split into two categories: antiviral and antiretroviral agents.
An HIV-positive patient is being treated with didanosine as part of the antiretroviral therapy. When assessing the patient, the nurse would immediately report which of the following to the primary health care provider?
- A. Peripheral neuropathy
- B. Headache
- C. Excoriation
- D. Taste alteration
- E. Nausea
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should immediately report symptoms of peripheral neuropathy to the primary health care provider. Headache, taste alteration, and nausea are some of the mild adverse effects of the drug and are not cause for immediate concern. Excoriation is an adverse effect of imiquimod and does not occur in patients being administered didanosine.
A nurse is providing care to a client receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). The nurse would expect the client to receive which of the following antiretroviral agents? Select all that apply.
- A. Protease inhibitors
- B. Reverse transcriptase inhibitors
- C. Nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
- D. Entry inhibitors
- E. Integrase inhibitors
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: HAART includes three categories of antiretroviral drugs: protease inhibitors, reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.