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The nurse is preparing to administer an antiviral drug to a client. Which of the following would the nurse include in the preadministration assessment? Select all that apply.
- A. Client's general state of health
- B. Blood glucose levels
- C. Resistance to infection
- D. Electrocardiogram findings
- E. Vital signs
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: The nurse's preadministration assessment of the client prior to administration of antiviral drugs should include determination of the client's general state of health and resistance to infection, record of client's symptoms and complaints, and record of vital signs. Blood glucose levels and electrocardiogram findings are not needed.
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A patient with skin lesions due to a viral infection has been prescribed a topical antiviral agent. When teaching the patient about this therapy, which of the following would the nurse emphasize?
- A. The drug will not prevent the spread of the disease to others.
- B. Topical drugs should be applied using the hand, not a finger cot or gloves.
- C. All lesions should be left open and not covered in any way.
- D. Sexual contact when lesions are present is permissible if barrier methods are used.
- E. Apply the drug twice daily for best results
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should inform the patient that application of the drug does not prevent the spread of the disease to others. Topical drugs should be applied with a finger cot or gloves but not with bare hands. The nurse should instruct the patient to cover all lesions and not leave them open. The nurse should also stress the importance of avoiding sexual contact when lesions are present irrespective of contraceptive measures. The frequency of application depends on the specific drug prescribed.
The nurse is preparing a plan of care for a client being treated with an antiviral drug. Which outcome would the nurse most likely identify? Select all that apply.
- A. Client remains free of other medical conditions.
- B. Client demonstrates an optimal response to therapy.
- C. Client exhibits continual changes in vital signs.
- D. Client demonstrates ability to manage adverse reactions.
- E. Client verbalizes understanding of the therapeutic regimen.
Correct Answer: B,D,E
Rationale: Optimal response to therapy and meeting of client needs related to the management of adverse reactions and an understanding of the therapeutic regimen are outcomes that should be addressed by the nurse in the planning step of the nursing process. Continually changing vital signs would be inappropriate. Remaining free of other medical conditions would be unrealistic.
When teaching a client about antiviral therapy, the nurse would include information about the possibility of which adverse reactions? Select all that apply.
- A. Rash
- B. Sedation
- C. Chills
- D. Diarrhea
- E. Headache
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: Adverse reactions associated with antiviral drugs include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, rash, fever, and insomnia.
After teaching a group of nursing students about antiretroviral drugs, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify that these drugs are used to treat which infections? Select all that apply.
- A. Hepatitis C virus (HCV)
- B. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
- C. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
- D. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) 1
- E. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) 2
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Antiretroviral drugs are used to treat HIV and AIDS.
A nurse is caring for a patient who is prescribed amantadine. The nurse would assess the patient for which of the following?
- A. Asthenia and abdominal pain
- B. Fever and dizziness
- C. Anorexia and dyspnea
- D. Hypotension and insomnia
- E. Nausea and vomiting
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A nurse should monitor the patient for hypotension and insomnia, since these are adverse reactions of amantadine. Asthenia and abdominal pain are adverse reactions of adefovir. Fever and dizziness are adverse reactions of acyclovir. Anorexia and dyspnea are adverse reactions of cidofovir. Nausea and vomiting are not specific adverse reactions of amantadine.