Nokea
The nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who is receiving prednisone (Deltasone) 5 mg PO daily for a rash due to contact with poison ivy. Which symptom should the nurse tell the client to report to the healthcare provider?
- A. Rapid weight gain
- B. Increased energy levels.
- C. Frequent headaches.
- D. Dry mouth.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rapid weight gain may indicate fluid retention, a side effect of prednisone that requires medical evaluation.
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Polycythaemia:
- A. Is a common cause of jaundice in the newborn
- B. Is significant if haematocrit > 65% on a capillary sample
- C. May cause apnoeas
- D. Exchange transfusion is the treatment of choice in symptomatic cases
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Polycythaemia is considered significant if the haematocrit exceeds 65% on a capillary sample, as it can lead to hyperviscosity and related complications.
Appropriate investigations in the emergency management of a 4-year-old presenting in a coma:
- A. Serum magnesium level
- B. Throat swabs
- C. Arterial blood gas
- D. CT scan
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Arterial blood gas analysis is crucial in the emergency management of a comatose child to assess oxygenation, ventilation, and acid-base status.
HLA B27 positivity is least common in
- A. Ankylosing spondylosis
- B. Juvenile psoriatic arthritis
- C. Inflammatory bowel disease
- D. Reactive arthritis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: HLA B27 positivity is least common in inflammatory bowel disease compared to the other conditions listed.
The patient most probably has
- A. severe aortic stenosis
- B. patent ductus arteriosus
- C. Williams syndrome
- D. none of the above
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The clinical features suggest severe aortic stenosis with left ventricular hypertrophy.
In the treatment of hypothyroidism in children:
- A. Levodopa is the treatment of choice
- B. Levothyroxine should be used
- C. Triiodothyronine is the first line treatment
- D. Carbimazole is indicated
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Levothyroxine is the treatment of choice for hypothyroidism, as it replaces the deficient thyroid hormone and helps normalize metabolic functions.