Nokea
The nurse is providing information about high cholesterol levels. What is the rationale for avoiding saturated fats?
- A. They block absorption of nutrients.
- B. They interfere with metabolism.
- C. They increase blood cholesterol.
- D. They must be hydrogenated.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Saturated fats tend to increase blood cholesterol.
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The nurse is explaining the activity recommendations from the USDA's new MyPlate plan. What is the minimum amount of moderate weekly exercise needed to balance nutritional intake?
- A. 15 minutes
- B. 1 hour and 15 minutes
- C. 2 hours and 30 minutes
- D. 60 minutes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: MyPlate recommends a minimum of 2 hours and 30 minutes of moderate aerobic physical activity a week to balance nutritional intake and 1 hour and 15 minutes of vigorous physical activity a week.
The nurse recognizes that when a patient is unable to consume adequate nutrition by mouth an alternative route such as a feeding ostomy may be used. What is the proper term for feeding a patient by this method?
- A. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN)
- B. Nasogastric
- C. Enteral
- D. Parenteral
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The administration of nutritionally balanced liquid foods through a feeding ostomy is called enteral nutrition.
The nurse is educating a patient on a vegan diet. What supplement will the nurse encourage this patient to take to avoid a deficiency?
- A. B6
- B. B12
- C. K
- D. D
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: B12 is almost exclusively found in animal products, but it can be supplemented with fortified cereals or vitamins.
The nurse is counseling a patient about the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes. What should the nurse stress that patients with type 2 diabetes are required to receive on a daily basis?
- A. Regular carbohydrate-controlled meals
- B. Oral hyperglycemic agents
- C. Insulin injections
- D. Stringent low-calorie diets
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: People with type 2 diabetes must take daily regulated meals with controlled carbohydrate content. Type 1 diabetics must have insulin injections.
What is a nursing intervention to decrease the thirst of a patient who is on a fluid restriction?
- A. Rinsing the mouth with warm water
- B. Sipping carbonated drinks
- C. Sucking on occasional ice chips
- D. Limiting tooth brushing to once per day
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sucking on occasional ice chips is a way to decrease thirst without adding a large amount of fluid. Rinsing the mouth with cool water and frequent tooth brushing are helpful also. Carbonated drinks contain sodium and will enhance fluid retention.