Nokea
The nurse makes nutrition a focus in the care plan. Where does nutrition play the most important role?
- A. Weight control
- B. Sustained appetite
- C. Building strong bones
- D. Health maintenance
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Nutrition is the total of all processes involved in taking in and using food substances for proper growth, functioning, and maintenance of health.
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A patient diagnosed with renal failure is unable to excrete protein waste products and develops a condition that requires a protein-restricted diet. The nurse instructs the patient that azotemia can be diminished by substituting other food groups for protein. What is an example of a food that this patient can substitute for protein?
- A. Potatoes
- B. Beans
- C. Cheese
- D. Soy products
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The foods that a patient with renal disease can substitute for energy are in the carbohydrate group. Potatoes are the only carbohydrate listed.
The nurse is providing information about high cholesterol levels. What is the rationale for avoiding saturated fats?
- A. They block absorption of nutrients.
- B. They interfere with metabolism.
- C. They increase blood cholesterol.
- D. They must be hydrogenated.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Saturated fats tend to increase blood cholesterol.
A school nurse is teaching a group of adolescents about adequate nutrition. What increased intake should the nurse encourage?
- A. Potassium and sodium
- B. Chloride and magnesium
- C. Iron and calcium
- D. Vitamins and minerals
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dietary inadequacies in adolescence include iron and calcium.
When discussing the digestion and metabolism of fat the nurse tells the patient who has a history of cholecystitis and who is on a low-fat diet that fat must be emulsified to be digested. What is the substance necessary for emulsification?
- A. Sugar
- B. Cholesterol
- C. Bile
- D. Protein
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bile is necessary to emulsify fat.
What is a nursing intervention to decrease the thirst of a patient who is on a fluid restriction?
- A. Rinsing the mouth with warm water
- B. Sipping carbonated drinks
- C. Sucking on occasional ice chips
- D. Limiting tooth brushing to once per day
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sucking on occasional ice chips is a way to decrease thirst without adding a large amount of fluid. Rinsing the mouth with cool water and frequent tooth brushing are helpful also. Carbonated drinks contain sodium and will enhance fluid retention.