Nokea
The nurse is educating a patient on a vegan diet. What supplement will the nurse encourage this patient to take to avoid a deficiency?
- A. B6
- B. B12
- C. K
- D. D
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: B12 is almost exclusively found in animal products, but it can be supplemented with fortified cereals or vitamins.
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The nurse is providing information about high cholesterol levels. What is the rationale for avoiding saturated fats?
- A. They block absorption of nutrients.
- B. They interfere with metabolism.
- C. They increase blood cholesterol.
- D. They must be hydrogenated.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Saturated fats tend to increase blood cholesterol.
When reviewing a patient's dietary intake the nurse recommends that sugar consumption be reduced to the recommended daily level. What is this level?
- A. No more than 24% of total daily kilocalories
- B. No more than 16% of total daily kilocalories
- C. No more than 8% of total daily kilocalories
- D. No more than 4% of total daily kilocalories
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: DRIs relating to carbohydrates indicate that 45% to 65% of an adult's total calorie intake should be in the form of carbohydrates and that added sugars should be limited to no more than 8% (approximately 40 g) of the total number of calories consumed daily.
At approximately 4 to 6 months of age solid food is introduced to a baby. What foods with high iron content should be recommended by the nurse?
- A. Pureed fruit
- B. Fortified cereals
- C. Fruit juice
- D. Rice
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: At approximately 4 to 6 months, iron-rich foods, such as fortified cereal and pureed meat, are introduced to a baby.
What is a nursing intervention to decrease the thirst of a patient who is on a fluid restriction?
- A. Rinsing the mouth with warm water
- B. Sipping carbonated drinks
- C. Sucking on occasional ice chips
- D. Limiting tooth brushing to once per day
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sucking on occasional ice chips is a way to decrease thirst without adding a large amount of fluid. Rinsing the mouth with cool water and frequent tooth brushing are helpful also. Carbonated drinks contain sodium and will enhance fluid retention.
The nurse reminds the male patient with lactose intolerance that he can avoid the unpleasant symptoms of nausea bloating flatulence and diarrhea if he will avoid certain foods. What product should the patient be instructed to avoid?
- A. Soy beans
- B. Rice
- C. Milk
- D. High fiber
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Lactose intolerance occurs as a result of a lack of lactase that makes it impossible to break down milk sugar.