Nokea
The nurse is reviewing information from a recent disaster management training session. The nurse knows that all of the following activities are part of the preparedness phase of disaster management except for what?
- A. Developing early warning systems and evacuation routes
- B. Designating locations of shelters
- C. Providing emergency care
- D. Conducting training and mock disaster response drills
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The preparedness phase of disaster management is the phase of planning for saving lives. Preparedness would include conducting training and mock disaster response drills, as well as designating location of shelters and developing early warning systems and evacuation routes. Providing emergency care is an aspect of the response phase.
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Nurses are learning to administer the smallpox vaccine in the event of needed mass inoculation. When administering the vaccination, the nurse needs to be aware of which of the following?
- A. Administer the vaccination subcutaneously
- B. Prep the site with alcohol
- C. Aspirate when giving the injection
- D. Cover the site with a loose gauze
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse would cover the site with a loose gauze as the vaccination is a live virus. The injection is given in the deltoid intramuscularly. Alcohol should not be used to prepare the site as alcohol can inactivate the virus. The injection is given in a technique using a bifurcated needle and aspiration is not done.
The nurse is caring for a client with internal radiologic contamination from the fallout. The client states, 'I need to get this out of me, and then I will be done with it.' The nurse is most correct to reply which of the following?
- A. Yes, we need to assure that we clean any debris from your wound which may be contaminated.'
- B. Yes, but you may have lingering effects from the exposure to your body.'
- C. Yes, but you must also consider further exposure from contaminated food and water sources.'
- D. Yes, we need to continue to document your recovery process and further disease processes.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Internal radiologic contamination occurs from exposure to fallout on the skin, in a wound, inhaled, or consumed through food and water. It is the nurse's responsibility to advise the client if further harm may occur and ways to decrease the risk.
The nurse is caring for a client exposed to a blistering agent. While the nurse is quickly decontaminating the client by showering and bagging all client clothing, what is the nurse simultaneously assessing for?
- A. Neurological compromise
- B. Respiratory compromise
- C. Cardiovascular compromise
- D. Sensory neglect
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A person exposed to a blistering agent or vesicant must be decontaminated immediately, with clothing removed and bagged. Irrigation of the victim's eyes and application of topical analgesia, antibiotics, and lubricants to the skin occur. Simultaneously, the nurse is assessing the respiratory system for airway obstruction because blisters from inhaled toxics can swell obstructing respiratory passages.
The nurse educator is preparing a presentation about the indicators of chemical terrorism. The nurse educator would include which indicator(s) in the presentation? Select all that apply.
- A. Fog-like or low-lying cloud in the atmosphere
- B. Numerous dead animals and birds
- C. Increase in temperature in area of the event
- D. Strong wind in area of the event
- E. Unexplained odor atypical for the location
Correct Answer: A,B,E
Rationale: The indicators that the nurse educator would include in the presentation are fog-like or low-lying cloud in the atmosphere, numerous dead animals and birds, and unexplained odor atypical for the location. The temperature in the area would not increase after a chemical event. There would be no wind associated with a chemical event.
The nurse is evaluating a skin lesion on a client brought to the emergency department. The nurse notes characteristics of chickenpox but has the physician evaluate the lesion for which biologic disaster agent?
- A. Botulism
- B. Smallpox
- C. Rubella
- D. Anthrax
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Smallpox may be mistaken for chickenpox due to the characteristics of the lesions. Botulism is a neurological toxin. Rubella is a communicable disease. Anthrax is a spore-forming bacterium that is inhaled or injected.