Nokea
The first polar body appears in the:
- A. primary oocyte just before ovulation
- B. primary oocyte after birth
- C. secondary oocyte after fertilization
- D. primary oocyte before birth
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the first polar body is formed during the first meiotic division of the primary oocyte before birth. The primary oocyte undergoes meiosis I to form the secondary oocyte and the first polar body. This process occurs during fetal development, not after birth.
Choice A is incorrect because the primary oocyte completes meiosis I to form the secondary oocyte and the first polar body before ovulation.
Choice B is incorrect because the primary oocyte forms the first polar body before birth, not after birth.
Choice C is incorrect because the first polar body is formed during meiosis I of the primary oocyte, not after fertilization.
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The major hormone secreted from granulosa cells is
- A. Progesterone
- B. Estrogen
- C. Testosterone
- D. Aldosterone
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Estrogen. Granulosa cells are located in the ovarian follicles and are responsible for producing estrogen, a key female sex hormone. Estrogen plays a crucial role in the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and development of secondary sexual characteristics. Progesterone is mainly produced by the corpus luteum, testosterone is primarily produced by the testes in males, and aldosterone is synthesized in the adrenal glands. Granulosa cells do not secrete these hormones, making choices A, C, and D incorrect.
The nurse places a male patient in which position for rectal examination?
- A. Lithotomy position
- B. Prone with the knees fully extended
- C. Bending over the table, with feet everted
- D. Left lateral position with knees and hips flexed
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, the left lateral position with knees and hips flexed. This position allows for better visualization and access to the rectal area. The patient's left side is facing up, which helps in maintaining comfort and stability during the examination. Knees and hips flexed further facilitate the examination process.
A: Lithotomy position is used for gynecological exams, not rectal exams.
B: Prone position with knees fully extended does not provide adequate access to the rectal area.
C: Bending over the table with feet everted is not an appropriate position for a rectal examination as it does not allow for proper visualization and access.
Which of the following is a steroid?
- A. FSH
- B. LH
- C. estrogen
- D. GnRH
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: estrogen. Estrogen is a type of steroid hormone derived from cholesterol. Steroids are a specific group of lipids characterized by a particular molecular structure. Estrogen plays a vital role in the development and regulation of the female reproductive system.
Choice A, FSH, and choice B, LH, are both peptide hormones, not steroids. Peptide hormones are made up of amino acids and are not derived from cholesterol.
Choice D, GnRH, is also a peptide hormone that regulates the release of other hormones in the body, particularly in the reproductive system.
In summary, estrogen is the only steroid hormone among the options provided, making it the correct choice.
During the follicular phase of the female menstrual cycle
- A. the secretion of luteinising hormone and follicle stimulating hormone are being inhibited by the corpus luteum
- B. the corpus luteum is developing
- C. progesterone is being secreted
- D. oestrogen is at its highest level
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: During the follicular phase, the correct answer is D because it is when the ovaries produce estrogen to stimulate the thickening of the uterine lining. This prepares the uterus for potential implantation of a fertilized egg. In contrast, choice A is incorrect because the corpus luteum is not formed until after ovulation. Choice B is incorrect as the corpus luteum forms after the egg is released. Choice C is incorrect because progesterone is mainly secreted during the luteal phase to maintain the uterine lining.
Discharge of pus or mucus from the uterus is called as:
- A. Dysmenorrhea
- B. Hypomenorrhea
- C. Metrorrhea
- D. Oligomenorrhea
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Metrorrhea. Metrorrhea refers to the discharge of pus or mucus from the uterus. Dysmenorrhea (A) is severe menstrual pain, Hypomenorrhea (B) is abnormally light menstrual flow, and Oligomenorrhea (D) is infrequent or light menstrual periods. Therefore, based on the definition provided in the question, Metrorrhea is the correct term for the discharge of pus or mucus from the uterus.