Nokea
The nurse is reviewing the plan of care for a client with a disorder of the thyroid gland. Which diagnostic test will the nurse expect the physician to order to evaluate thyroid hormones?
- A. Magnetic resonance imaging
- B. Radioimmunoassay
- C. Computed tomography (CT)
- D. Cortisol level determination
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A radioimmunoassay evaluates thyroid hormone function, specifically T3 and T4 levels. A CT or magnetic resonance imaging scan is used to detect a suspected tumor and to determine organ size and placement. Cortisol levels are used to assess adrenal function, not thyroid function.
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During physical examination of a client with a suspected endocrine disorder, the nurse assesses the body structures. The nurse gathers this data based on the understanding that it is an important aid in which process?
- A. Detecting evidence of hormone hypersecretion
- B. Detecting information about possible tumor growth
- C. Determining the presence or absence of testosterone levels
- D. Determining the size of the organs and location
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The evaluation of body structures helps detect evidence of hormone hypersecretion or hyposecretion, aiding in the assessment of specific endocrine gland dysfunctions. Radiographs are used to detect tumors or determine organ size and location, while testosterone levels are assessed through blood tests.
A client has a dysfunction in one of his glands that is causing a decrease in the level of calcium in the blood. The nurse knows which gland should be evaluated for dysfunction?
- A. Thyroid gland
- B. Parathyroid gland
- C. Thymus gland
- D. Adrenal gland
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The parathyroid glands secrete parathormone, which increases blood calcium levels when serum calcium decreases. The thyroid, thymus, and adrenal glands do not primarily regulate calcium levels.
What does the nurse understand will be released to maintain a relatively constant level of blood sugar in a client with normal function of the pancreas?
- A. Cortisol
- B. Glucagon
- C. Insulin
- D. Somatostatin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Somatostatin, secreted by pancreatic delta cells, inhibits the release of insulin and glucagon, helping maintain stable blood sugar levels. Cortisol, glucagon, and insulin have more direct roles in raising or lowering blood sugar.
A client is scheduled for a diagnostic test to measure blood hormone levels. The nurse expects that this test will determine which of the following?
- A. The concentration of a substance in plasma
- B. Details about the size of the organ and its location
- C. The functioning of endocrine glands
- D. The client's blood sugar level
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Measuring blood hormone levels helps determine the functioning of endocrine glands. A radioimmunoassay determines the concentration of substances in plasma, while radiographs assess organ size and location. Blood sugar levels are measured separately, typically for diabetes management.
A client is being seen in the clinic to receive the results of the lab work to determine thyroid levels. The nurse observes the client's eyes appear to be bulging, and there is swelling around the eyes. What does the nurse know to be the correct documentation of this finding?
- A. Retinal detachment
- B. Periorbital swelling
- C. Bulging eyes
- D. Exophthalmos
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Exophthalmos is the correct term for bulging eyes and periorbital swelling, often associated with hyperthyroidism (e.g., Graves' disease). Retinal detachment, periorbital swelling alone, or the vague term 'bulging eyes' are less precise.