Nokea
The nurse is attempting to locate the thyroid gland of a client in order to determine if it is enlarged. Where should the nurse palpate the thyroid gland?
- A. Mid trachea
- B. Distal to the carotid arteries
- C. The lower neck anterior to the trachea
- D. The upper neck posterior to the trachea
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The thyroid gland is located in the lower neck anterior to the trachea, divided into two lateral lobes joined by the isthmus. Palpation in this area helps assess for enlargement.
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A client has polycystic ovarian syndrome and has increased levels of testosterone. What symptom(s) does the nurse anticipate observing in this client? Select all that apply.
- A. Facial hair
- B. High voice
- C. Deep voice
- D. Development of breasts
- E. Decrease in hair growth
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: Testosterone promotes male secondary sex characteristics, such as facial hair and a deep voice, in clients with polycystic ovarian syndrome. High voice, breast development, and decreased hair growth are not associated with elevated testosterone levels.
During physical examination of a client with a suspected endocrine disorder, the nurse assesses the body structures. The nurse gathers this data based on the understanding that it is an important aid in which process?
- A. Detecting evidence of hormone hypersecretion
- B. Detecting information about possible tumor growth
- C. Determining the presence or absence of testosterone levels
- D. Determining the size of the organs and location
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The evaluation of body structures helps detect evidence of hormone hypersecretion or hyposecretion, aiding in the assessment of specific endocrine gland dysfunctions. Radiographs are used to detect tumors or determine organ size and location, while testosterone levels are assessed through blood tests.
A nursing student asks the instructor why the pituitary gland is called the 'master gland.' What is the best response by the instructor?
- A. It regulates the function of other endocrine glands.
- B. It is the gland that is responsible for regulating the hypothalamus.
- C. The gland does not have any other function other than to cause secretion of the growth hormones.
- D. It regulates metabolism.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The pituitary gland is called the master gland because it regulates the function of other endocrine glands through its hormone secretions. However, the hypothalamus influences the pituitary, and the pituitary secretes multiple hormones beyond growth hormone, not just regulating metabolism.
The nurse is reviewing the plan of care for a client with a disorder of the thyroid gland. Which diagnostic test will the nurse expect the physician to order to evaluate thyroid hormones?
- A. Magnetic resonance imaging
- B. Radioimmunoassay
- C. Computed tomography (CT)
- D. Cortisol level determination
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A radioimmunoassay evaluates thyroid hormone function, specifically T3 and T4 levels. A CT or magnetic resonance imaging scan is used to detect a suspected tumor and to determine organ size and placement. Cortisol levels are used to assess adrenal function, not thyroid function.
The nurse is caring for a client having chronic pain from arthritis. What type of hormone is released in response to the stress of this pain that suppresses inflammation and helps the body withstand stress?
- A. Testosterone
- B. Mineralocorticoids
- C. Glucocorticoids
- D. Estrogen
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Glucocorticoids, such as cortisol, are released by the adrenal cortex to suppress inflammation and help the body cope with stress, such as chronic pain from arthritis. Testosterone, mineralocorticoids, and estrogen have different functions.