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The nurse is reviewing the teaching plan for a clinic patient who was seen for a sinus infection. Which of these outcomes reflect the affective domain of learning?
- A. The patient will take the prescribed antibiotic for the full 14 days of the prescription.
- B. The patient will demonstrate correct nasal spray self-administration.
- C. The patient will list signs and symptoms that need to be reported immediately if they occur.
- D. The patient will list measures to take to reduce allergy triggers at home.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The affective domain is the most intangible component of the learning process. Affective behavior is conduct that expresses feelings, needs, beliefs, values, and opinions. Adhering to the prescribed medication regimen is an example of the affective domain. Demonstrating nasal spray self-administration reflects the psychomotor domain; listing signs and symptoms or measures to take both reflect the cognitive domain.
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When the nurse teaches a skill such as self-injection of insulin to the patient, what is the best way to set up the teaching/learning session?
- A. Provide written pamphlets for instruction.
- B. Show a video, and allow the patient to practice as needed on his own.
- C. Verbally explain the procedure, and provide written handouts for reinforcement.
- D. After demonstrating the procedure, allow the patient to do several return demonstrations.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Return demonstration allows the nurse to evaluate the patient's newly learned skills. The techniques in the other options are incorrect because those suggestions do not allow for evaluation of the patient's technique.
During a nursing assessment, which question by the nurse allows for greater clarification and additional discussion with the patient?
- A. Are you allergic to iodine?
- B. What type of reaction did you have to penicillin?
- C. Have you had a reaction to this drug?
- D. Are you taking this medication with meals?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Asking 'What type of reaction did you have?' is an open-ended question that will encourage greater clarification and additional discussion with the patient. The other options are examples of closed-ended questions, which prompt only a 'yes' or 'no' answer and provide limited information.
A patient is to receive prednisone 7.5 mg PO daily. The tablets are available in a 2.5 mg strength. Identify how many tablets will the patient receive
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale: 1 tablet: 2.5 mg :: x tablet: 7.5 mg. (1 / 7.5) = (2.5 / x); 7.5 = 2.5x, x = 3; therefore 7.5 mg = 3 tablets.
A 60-year-old patient is on several new medications and expresses worry that she will forget to take her pills. Which action by the nurse would be most helpful in this situation?
- A. Teaching effective coping strategies
- B. Asking the patient's prescriber to reduce the number of drugs prescribed
- C. Assuring the patient that she will not forget once she is accustomed to the routine
- D. Assisting the patient with obtaining and learning to use a calendar or pill container
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Calendars, pill containers, or diaries may be helpful to patients who may forget to take prescribed drugs as scheduled. The nurse must ensure that the patient knows how to use these reminder tools. Teaching coping strategies is a helpful suggestion but will not help with remembering to take medications. Asking the prescriber to reduce the number of drugs that are prescribed is not an appropriate action by the nurse. Assuring the patient that she will not forget is false reassurance by the nurse and inappropriate when education is needed.
During an admission assessment, the nurse discovers that the patient does not speak English. Which is considered the ideal resource for translation?
- A. A family member of the patient
- B. A close family friend of the patient
- C. A translator who does not know the patient
- D. Prewritten note cards with both English and the patient's language
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse should communicate with the patient in the patient's native language if at all possible. If the nurse is not able to speak the patient's native language, a translator should be made available so as to prevent communication problems, minimize errors, and help boost the patient's level of trust and understanding of the nurse. In practice, this translator may be another nurse or health care professional, a nonprofessional member of the health care team, or a layperson, family member, adult friend, or religious leader or associate. However, it is best to avoid family members as translators, if possible, because of issues with bias, misinterpretation, and potential confidentiality issues.