LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Disorders Nursing

LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Disorders Nursing Related

Review LPN Pediatric Cardiovascular Disorders Nursing related questions and content

The nurse is talking to a parent of an infant with heart failure about feeding the infant. Which statement about feeding the child is correct?

  • A. “You may need to increase the caloric density of your infant’s formula.”
  • B. “You should feed your baby every 2 hours.”
  • C. “You may need to increase the amount of formula your infant eats with each feeding.”
  • D. “You should place a nasal oxygen cannula on your infant during and after each feeding.”
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The metabolic rate of infants with heart failure is greater because of poor cardiac function and increased heart and respiratory rates. Their caloric needs are greater than those of the average infants, yet their ability to take in the calories is diminished by their fatigue. Infants with heart failure should be fed every 3 hours; a 2-hour schedule does not allow for enough rest, and a 4-hour schedule is too long. Fluids must be carefully monitored because of the heart failure. Infants do not require supplemental oxygen with feedings.

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All the following statements about spontaneous coronary artery dissection are true, except

  • A. More common in young females
  • B. Proximal coronary involvement associated with immuno-inflammatory disease
  • C. Intra-coronary imaging shows 'accordion sign'
  • D. Physical stress precipitates it by causing intimal tear
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The 'accordion sign' is not typically associated with spontaneous coronary artery dissection.

Exposure to which illness should be a cause to discontinue therapy and substitute dipyridamole (Persantine) in a child receiving aspirin therapy for Kawasaki disease (KD)?

  • A. Chickenpox or influenza
  • B. E. coli or staphylococcus
  • C. Mumps or streptococcus A
  • D. Streptococcus A or staphylococcus
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Both chickenpox and influenza are viral; during these illnesses, aspirin (a salicylate) is typically discontinued due to the risk of Reye syndrome.

A client tells the nurse that her biopsy results indicate that the cancer cells are well-differentiated. How should the nurse respond?

  • A. Ask the client if the healthcare provider has given her any information about the classification of her cancer
  • B. Tell the client that well-differentiated cancer cells usually have a poor prognosis.
  • C. Reassure the client that the cancer is not serious.
  • D. Encourage the client to seek a second opinion for confirmation of the diagnosis.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Well-differentiated cancer cells typically indicate a slower-growing tumor. Clarifying the client's understanding ensures accurate communication and emotional support.

Complement C3 levels are decreased in:

  • A. Systemic lupus erythematoses
  • B. Henoch-Schoenlein purpura
  • C. Haemolytic uraemic syndrome
  • D. Type II membrano-proliferative glomerulonephritis
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Decreased C3 levels are characteristic of systemic lupus erythematosus due to immune complex deposition and complement consumption.

All of the following reduces intensity of first heart sound (S1) except

  • A. Mechanical ventilation
  • B. Calcific mitral stenosis
  • C. Short PR interval
  • D. LV dysfunction
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Calcific mitral stenosis typically increases the intensity of the first heart sound (S1).

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