Nokea
The nurse is talking to the parent of a 5-year-old child who refuses to go to sleep at night. What intervention should the nurse suggest in helping the parent to cope with this sleep disturbance?
- A. Establish a consistent punishment if the child does not go to bed when told.
- B. Allow the child to fall asleep in a different room and then gently move the child to his or her bed.
- C. Establish limited rituals that signal readiness for bedtime.
- D. Allow the child to watch television until almost asleep.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An appropriate intervention for a child who resists going to bed is to establish limited rituals such as a bath or story that signal readiness for bed and consistently follow through with the ritual. Punishing the child will not alleviate the resistance problem and may only add to the frustration. Allowing the child to fall asleep in a different room and to watch television to fall asleep are not recommended approaches to sleep resistance.
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The nurse is caring for a hospitalized 4-year-old boy. His parents tell the nurse they will be back to visit at 6 PM. When he asks the nurse when his parents are coming, what would the nurses best response be?
- A. They will be here soon.
- B. They will come after dinner.
- C. Let me show you on the clock when 6 PM is.
- D. I will tell you every time I see you how much longer it will be.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A 4-year-old child understands time in relation to events such as meals. Children perceive soon as a very short time. The nurse may lose the childs trust if his parents do not return in the time he perceives as soon. Children cannot read or use a clock for practical purposes until age 7 years. I will tell you every time I see you how much longer it will be assumes the child understands the concepts of hours and minutes, which does not occur until age 5 or 6 years.
The nurse is explaining average weight gain during the preschool years to a group of parents. Which average weight gain should the nurse suggest to the parents?
- A. 1 to 2 kg
- B. 2 to 3 kg
- C. 3 to 4 kg
- D. 4 to 5 kg
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The average weight gain remains approximately 2 to 3 kg (4.56.5 lb) per year during the preschool period.
The nurse is explaining the preconventional stage of moral development to a group of nursing students. What characterizes this stage?
- A. Children in this stage focus on following the rules.
- B. Children in this stage live up to social expectations and roles.
- C. Children in this stage have a concrete sense of justice and fairness.
- D. Children in this stage have little, if any, concern for why something is wrong.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Young childrens development of moral judgment is at the most basic level in the preconventional stage. They have little, if any, concern for why something is wrong. Following the rules, living up to social expectations, and having a concrete sense of justice and fairness are characteristics in the conventional stage.
The nurse is planning to bring a preschool child a toy from the playroom. What toy is appropriate for this age group?
- A. Building blocks
- B. A 500-piece puzzle
- C. Paint by number picture
- D. Farm animals and equipment
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The most characteristic and pervasive preschooler activity is imitative, imaginative, and dramatic play. Farm animals and equipment would provide hours of self-expression. Building blocks are appropriate for older infants and toddlers. A 500-piece puzzle or a paint by number picture would be appropriate for a school-age child.
Parents tell the nurse they found their 3-year-old daughter and a male cousin of the same age inspecting each other closely as they used the bathroom. What is the most appropriate recommendation for the nurse to make?
- A. Punish the children so this behavior stops.
- B. Neither condone nor condemn the curiosity.
- C. Get counseling for this unusual and dangerous behavior.
- D. Allow the children unrestricted permission to satisfy this curiosity.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Three-year-old children become aware of anatomic differences and are concerned about how the other sex works. Such exploration should not be condoned or condemned. Children should not be punished for this normal exploration. This is age appropriate and not dangerous behavior. Encouraging the children to ask their parents questions and redirecting their activity is more appropriate than giving permission.