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The nurse is working with a client who has a history of inflicting spousal abuse. Although the nurse does not condone domestic violence, the nurse treats the client with unconditional positive regard through which of the following?
- A. The nurse tries to understand the feelings that might have led to violent behavior.
- B. The nurse uses honest emotional expression in relating to client.
- C. The client is still viewed as someone worthy of respect and assistance.
- D. The nurse relates to the client as if he were her own spouse.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Unconditional positive regard involves nonjudgmental respect and care for the client, regardless of their behavior, fostering a therapeutic relationship.
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Which of the following considerations should have the most influence in the nurse's choice of the treatment for the client?
- A. The client's feelings and perceptions about his or her situation
- B. The nurse's beliefs about the theories of psychosocial development
- C. The nurse's familiarity with the type of treatment
- D. Any approach to treatment should work with any client.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The client's feelings and perceptions are critical in tailoring effective therapeutic interventions, ensuring they align with the client's needs and expectations.
A patient who has been working on controlling impulsive behavior shows a strengthening ego through which of the following behaviors?
- A. Going to therapy only when there is nothing more desirable to do
- B. Weighing the advantages and disadvantages before making a decision
- C. Telling others in the group the right way to act
- D. Reporting having fun at a recent social event
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ego mediates between the id's impulsive desires and the superego's moral constraints. Weighing advantages and disadvantages before deciding reflects mature, adaptive ego functioning, unlike the other options which indicate impulsivity, control, or unrelated social behavior.
A patient is being admitted to an inpatient unit for treatment of anorexia nervosa. Of the following assessment data, which should the nurse place as highest priority in the plan of care?
- A. Weight 24% below ideal body weight
- B. Distorted body image
- C. Feelings of inadequacy
- D. Frequent vomiting
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: According to Maslow's hierarchy, physiological needs like fluid and electrolyte balance, threatened by frequent vomiting, take priority over psychological issues like body image or self-esteem.
Which of the following theories could be classified as humanistic theories?
- A. Cognitive therapy
- B. Maslow's hierarchy of needs
- C. Gestalt therapy
- D. Rogers' client-centered therapy
- E. Rational emotive therapy
- F. Piaget's cognitive stages of development
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: Humanistic theories, like Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Rogers' client-centered therapy, focus on self-actualization and personal growth, unlike cognitive, gestalt, rational emotive, or Piaget's developmental theories.
Which one of the following is an important characteristic of an effective therapist-client relationship in individual psychotherapy?
- A. Homogeneity between the client and the therapist.
- B. Mutual benefit for the client and the therapist.
- C. The client must adapt to the therapist's style of therapy and theoretical beliefs.
- D. Match between the theoretical beliefs and style of therapy and the client's needs and expectations of therapy.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Effective therapy requires compatibility between the therapist's approach and the client's needs and expectations, prioritizing the client's benefit over homogeneity or therapist gain.