Nokea
The nurse knows which description is characteristic of malignant tumors?
- A. Smooth, well defined; movable when palpated
- B. Resembles parent tissue; rarely fatal
- C. Rate of growth varies; rarely contained within a capsule
- D. Remains localized; slow growth
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Malignant tumors are rarely contained within a capsule and their rate of growth varies; little resemblance to parent tissue; fatal without treatment; irregular and immobile when palpated.
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The nurse explains to a 43-year-old patient with a benign tumor in her right breast that a benign tumor differs from a malignant tumor in that benign tumors have which quality?
- A. do not cause damage to adjacent tissue.
- B. are simply an overgrowth of normal cells.
- C. do not spread to other tissues and organs.
- D. frequently recur in the same site.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A benign tumor differs from a malignant tumor because benign tumors are not recurrent or progressive and are nonmalignant.
A patient has developed stomatitis from chemotherapy. Which intervention is appropriate for a patient with this condition?
- A. Instruction in the following of a liquid diet
- B. Using a commercial mouthwash after each meal
- C. Cleaning teeth with a cotton swab dipped in hydrogen peroxide
- D. Using a soft toothbrush
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The use of a soft toothbrush to clean the teeth and rinsing with normal saline or soda will prevent added discomfort and bleeding.
The patient receiving radiation therapy reports not liking the conspicuous markings on the skin. In which manner can the nurse explain about these markings?
- A. They are residues of the treatment and can be washed off.
- B. They are caused by radiation and will fade in time.
- C. They are indicators of the amount of radiation the patient is receiving.
- D. They are markers for treatment and should be left on.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When external radiation is planned, the specific area on the body is marked to indicate the part at which external radiation will be directed. These markings must not be washed off.
A male patient is undergoing external radiation therapy on an outpatient basis for treatment of Hodgkin disease. After 2 weeks of treatment, he tells the nurse that he is so tired he can hardly get out of bed in the morning. Which is an appropriate intervention?
- A. Take two rest periods during the day.
- B. Ambulate in the hall four times a day.
- C. Select two activities for distraction.
- D. Investigate a consultation with a psychiatrist for treatment of depression.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The person undergoing radiation therapy should be assured that lethargy and fatigue are not uncommon during treatment, and that frequent rest periods are helpful. Periods of rest are very beneficial.
Men over age 50 should consider an annual ___ test and rectal examination.
Correct Answer: PSA (prostate-specific antigen)
Rationale: Men over age 50 should consult with their health care provider to consider the benefits of having a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test and rectal examination once a year.