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The nurse listens as the physician asks the patient to participate in a research study and realizes the physician is not adequately explaining the risks of the study. As they leave the patient's room, the nurse encourages the physician to go back and explain the risks more thoroughly. What role is this nurse playing in patient care?
- A. Teacher
- B. Caregiver
- C. Advocate
- D. Communicator
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The nurse is acting as an advocate by ensuring the patient is fully informed before consenting to participate in the study. Advocacy in healthcare involves supporting and promoting the patient's rights, including the right to be fully informed about their care and treatment options. By advocating for the patient in this scenario, the nurse is prioritizing the patient's well-being and autonomy. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect. The nurse is not acting as a teacher, caregiver, or communicator specifically in this scenario, but rather advocating for the patient's right to informed consent.
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What factor has had the greatest impact on the current nursing shortage?
- A. Later age at which women have children
- B. Decrease in the number of women being born
- C. Overall unemployment rate
- D. Increased employment options for women
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The increased employment options for women have had a significant impact on the current nursing shortage. With more career choices available to women, there is a decrease in the number of individuals pursuing nursing as a profession, contributing to the shortage. This is because women are choosing diverse career paths due to increased opportunities. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. A later age at which women have children and the decrease in the number of women being born are not directly related to the nursing shortage. The overall unemployment rate, while influencing job availability, is not the primary factor driving the shortage of nurses.
While working in a long-term care facility, the nurse notices that older residents take pleasure in telling stories about their earlier lives and reliving special events. The nurse recognizes this helps residents meet which level of Maslow's Hierarchy of needs?
- A. Self-esteem
- B. Love and belonging
- C. Safety
- D. Self-actualization
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The act of telling stories and reliving special events by the older residents in the long-term care facility helps them achieve self-actualization. Self-actualization involves realizing personal potential, self-fulfillment, seeking personal growth, and reflecting on their lives and achievements, which aligns with the behavior observed by the nurse. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because self-esteem is related to confidence and respect, love and belonging refer to social relationships and connections, and safety pertains to physical and psychological security, which are not directly addressed by the residents' behavior of storytelling and reliving special events.
When the new graduate nurse shares a journal article about caring with peers, a more experienced nurse says, 'You'd be a lot better off studying pathophysiology instead of wasting time on caring.' How does the graduate interpret the experienced nurse's comment?
- A. The experienced nurse is just mean and doesn't like new graduates.
- B. The experienced nurse is most likely overworked and cranky.
- C. The experienced nurse was educated in the medical model.
- D. The experienced nurse is uncaring and dislikes new graduates.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The experienced nurse's comment likely reflects their education in the medical model, which emphasizes technical skills over caring. This suggests a difference in educational background rather than personal animosity towards new graduates. Choice A is incorrect as it assumes personal dislike without considering educational differences. Choice B is incorrect as it attributes the behavior to being overworked and cranky, which is not supported by the information given. Choice D is incorrect as it makes a broad assumption about the experienced nurse's character without considering the context of their comment.
The nurse overhears a physician yelling at a newly hired graduate nurse in the hall. What is the nurse's best caring response?
- A. Yell at the physician for yelling at a new graduate and report the incident to the supervisor.
- B. Wait until the situation ends and comfort the graduate privately.
- C. Suggest that the physician take a quieter and more private approach to the problem.
- D. Ignore the situation to avoid embarrassing the graduate further.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Suggesting a quieter and more private approach to the problem is the best caring response as it addresses the issue respectfully. This response shows empathy towards the graduate nurse and also aims to improve the situation without escalating it further. Choice A is not ideal as responding to yelling with yelling can exacerbate the situation. Choice B, while offering comfort, does not address the issue directly. Choice D is not recommended as ignoring the situation may not help the graduate nurse and can lead to the continuation of inappropriate behavior.
How can a healthcare provider best address the spiritual aspect of caring for a patient?
- A. Explain the healthcare provider's spiritual beliefs to the patient.
- B. Ask the patient to explain their spiritual beliefs in detail.
- C. Ask what the patient requires to meet their spiritual needs.
- D. Consult with the family to understand the patient's spiritual needs.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The most effective way for a healthcare provider to address the spiritual aspect of caring for a patient is by asking what the patient requires to meet their spiritual needs. This approach respects the patient's autonomy, acknowledges their individual beliefs, and allows for personalized and patient-centered care. Choices A and B are incorrect as they focus on the healthcare provider's or patient's beliefs rather than the patient's needs. Choice D involves consulting with the family, which may not accurately reflect the patient's own spiritual needs and preferences.