Nokea
The nurse manager in the ED receives information that a local chemical plant has had a chemical leak. This disaster is assigned a status of level II. What does this classification indicate?
- A. First responders can manage the situation.
- B. Regional efforts and aid from surrounding communities can manage the situation.
- C. Statewide or federal assistance is required.
- D. The area must be evacuated immediately.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Level II disasters require regional support as local resources are overwhelmed, but state or federal aid is not typically needed. Evacuation is not inherently indicated by this level.
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A nurse takes a shift report and finds he is caring for a patient who has been exposed to anthrax by inhalation. What precautions does the nurse know must be put in place when providing care for this patient?
- A. Standard precautions
- B. Airborne precautions
- C. Droplet precautions
- D. Contact precautions
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Anthrax is not transmissible person-to-person, so standard precautions suffice. Additional precautions like airborne or contact are unnecessary.
A nurse is caring for patients exposed to a terrorist attack involving chemicals. The nurse has been advised that personal protective equipment must be worn in order to give the highest level of respiratory protection with a lesser level of skin and eye protection. What level protection is this considered?
- A. Level A
- B. Level B
- C. Level C
- D. Level D
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Level B PPE provides maximal respiratory protection but less skin and eye coverage, suitable for chemical exposures where inhalation is the primary risk.
A nurse is giving an educational class to members of the local disaster team. What should the nurse instruct members of the disaster team to do in a chemical bioterrorist attack?
- A. Cover their eyes.
- B. Put on a personal protective equipment mask.
- C. Stand up.
- D. Crawl to an exit.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Most chemical agents are heavier than air, so standing up minimizes exposure. Covering eyes, masking, or crawling increases exposure risk.
A patient who has been exposed to anthrax is being treated in the local hospital. The nurse should prioritize what health assessments?
- A. Integumentary assessment
- B. Assessment for signs of hemorrhage
- C. Neurologic assessment
- D. Assessment of respiratory status
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Inhalation anthrax progresses to severe respiratory distress, including stridor and hypoxia, making respiratory assessment critical. Other systems are less acutely affected.
The nurse has been notified that the ED is expecting terrorist attack victims and that level D personal protective equipment is appropriate. What does level D PPE include?
- A. A chemical-resistant coverall with splash hood, chemical-resistant gloves, and boots
- B. A self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and a fully encapsulating, vapor-tight coverall with chemical-resistant gloves and boots
- C. The SCBA and a chemical-resistant suit, but the suit is not vapor-tight
- D. The nurses typical work uniform
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Level D PPE is equivalent to a standard work uniform, used when minimal protection is needed, indicating low hazard exposure.