Nokea
The nurse needs to obtain blood for ongoing assessment of a high-risk newborn's progress. Which tests should the nurse monitor? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Blood glucose
- B. Complete blood count (CBC)
- C. Calcium
- D. Serum electrolytes
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Blood glucose: Monitoring blood glucose levels is crucial in high-risk newborns to ensure they are within the normal range. High or low blood glucose levels can indicate various conditions that require prompt intervention.
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In fetal period, all are true EXCEPT
- A. returns of midgut to abdomen by 10 weeks
- B. recognizable external genitalia formed by 12 weeks
- C. surfactant production begins by 24 weeks
- D. tripling of weight occurs during the third trimester
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Recognizable external genitalia are formed by 14 weeks, not 12 weeks.
Which of the ff. interventions can help minimize complications related to Hypercalcemia?
- A. Encourage 3 to 4 L of fluid daily
- B. Place the patient on bed rest
- C. Have the patient cough and deep
- D. Apply heat to painful areas breathe every 2 hours
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Encouraging a high fluid intake, typically around 3 to 4 liters daily, is an intervention that can help minimize complications related to hypercalcemia. Adequate hydration helps prevent the formation of kidney stones, a common complication of hypercalcemia. The increased fluid intake can also promote renal excretion of excess calcium, aiding in its elimination from the body. Additionally, adequate hydration supports overall kidney function and can help prevent renal damage that may result from high calcium levels.
Which laboratory test value is elevated in clients who smoke and can't be used as a general indicator of cancer?
- A. Acid phosphatase level
- B. Alkaline phosphatase level
- C. Serum calcitonin level
- D. Carcinoembryonic antigen level
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alkaline phosphatase level is elevated in clients who smoke due to various reasons unrelated to cancer. Smoking leads to increased alkaline phosphatase production in the liver, and elevated levels can be attributed to liver damage caused by smoking. However, a high alkaline phosphatase level alone cannot be used as a general indicator of cancer because it is not specific to cancer and can be influenced by several other factors. Therefore, it is not a reliable marker for the presence of cancer in individuals who smoke or in the general population.
The nurse will monitor J.E. for the following signs and symptoms:
- A. Change in the levei of consciousness, tachypnea, tachycardia, petechiae
- B. Onset of chest pain, tachycardia, diaphoresis, nausea and vomiting
- C. Loss of consciousness, bradycardia, petechiae, and severe leg pain
- D. Change in leve! of consciousness, bradycardia, chest pain and oliguria
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The signs and symptoms mentioned in option A are indicative of potential complications that may occur in a patient being monitored by a nurse.
The beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) is a useful surface marker in some malignant germ cell tumors (GCTs); it is secreted by syncytiotrophoblasts. In which of the following GCTs this surface marker is characteristically elevated?
- A. teratoma
- B. germinoma
- C. endodermal sinus tumor
- D. embryonal carcinoma
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Embryonal carcinoma is strongly associated with elevated beta-HCG levels.