ATI Neurological System Questions

ATI Neurological System Questions Related

Review ATI Neurological System Questions related questions and content

A patient has a severed spinal nerve as a result of trauma. Which statement is true in this situation?

  • A. Because there are 31 pairs of spinal nerves, no effect results if only one nerve is severed.
  • B. The dermatome served by this nerve will no longer experience any sensation.
  • C. The adjacent spinal nerves will continue to carry sensations for the dermatome served by the severed nerve.
  • D. A severed spinal nerve will only affect motor function of the patient because spinal nerves have no sensory component.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (C): When a spinal nerve is severed, adjacent spinal nerves can compensate and continue to carry sensations for the dermatome served by the severed nerve. This is possible due to the concept of dermatomes overlapping and the redundancy in sensory innervation. Therefore, the patient may still experience sensation in the affected area despite the specific nerve being severed.

Summary of Incorrect Choices:
A: Incorrect. Even if there are 31 pairs of spinal nerves, severing one nerve can still have a significant impact on sensory and motor functions depending on the location and severity of the injury.
B: Incorrect. Sensory loss would occur in the dermatome served by the severed nerve, but adjacent nerves can still carry sensations.
D: Incorrect. Spinal nerves have both sensory and motor components, so severing a spinal nerve can affect both sensory and motor functions, not just motor function.

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Thyroid hormone:

  • A. increases the absorption of carbohydrate from the intestine
  • B. exerts a negative feedback action on TSH production
  • C. increases the concentration of 2,3-DPG within the red blood cells
  • D. all above
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Thyroid hormones enhance carbohydrate absorption, exert negative feedback on TSH production, and increase 2,3-DPG levels in red blood cells, which facilitates oxygen release to tissues.

What hormone is important in milk production and maintaining lactation?

  • A. Estrogen
  • B. Oxytocin
  • C. Prolactin
  • D. Adrenaline
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Prolactin is the correct answer because it is the hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates milk production in the mammary glands. During lactation, prolactin levels remain elevated to ensure a continuous supply of milk. While oxytocin is involved in milk ejection, prolactin is primarily responsible for milk synthesis and maintenance of lactation.

A patient is discharged from the outpatient clinic following application of a synthetic fiberglass long arm cast for a fractured ulna. Before discharge, the nurse instructs the patient to do what?

  • A. Never get the cast wet.
  • B. Move the shoulder and fingers frequently.
  • C. Place tape petals around the edges of the cast when it is dry.
  • D. Use a sling to support the arm at waist level for the first 48 hours.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Moving the unaffected parts promotes circulation and reduces stiffness.

A nurse is assessing a client on the musculoskeletal floor and identifies symptoms of weak pulses, dusky color in the ankles, and 3+ local edema. Which of the following does the nurse suspect to be an issue with this client?

  • A. Problems with circulation
  • B. Problems with sensation
  • C. Problems with mobility
  • D. Problems with pain
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Weak pulses, dusky color, and edema strongly suggest circulatory issues.

To assess cranial nerve VIII (Vestibulocochlear nerve), the nurse should:

  • A. Perform a hearing test and assess balance.
  • B. Evaluate the patient's ability to swallow.
  • C. Inspect the patient's throat.
  • D. Palpate the patient's neck.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Cranial nerve VIII (Vestibulocochlear nerve) is responsible for hearing and balance. A hearing test and balance assessment evaluate its function. Swallowing, throat inspection, and neck palpation are unrelated.

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