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The nurse prepares an older woman, who is Polish, for discharge through an interpreter and notes that she becomes tense during the instructions about elimination. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Move on to the discussion about medication.
- B. Ask the older woman how she feels about this topic.
- C. Instruct the interpreter to repeat the instructions.
- D. Have the older woman repeat the instructions for clarity.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it directly addresses the older woman's emotional response to the instructions, showing empathy and understanding. By asking how she feels, the nurse can uncover any concerns or fears she may have, leading to effective communication and tailored support. Moving on to medication (A) ignores the woman's distress, potentially worsening the situation. Instructing the interpreter to repeat instructions (C) may not address the underlying issue. Having the woman repeat instructions (D) does not acknowledge her emotional state and may not resolve her tension.
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Primary prevention for older adults includes:
Correct Answer:
Rationale: Correct Answer: Regular physical activity and healthy diet
Rationale:
1. Regular physical activity helps maintain cardiovascular health, muscle strength, and balance in older adults, reducing the risk of falls and chronic diseases.
2. A healthy diet provides essential nutrients for overall health and helps prevent conditions like obesity, diabetes, and heart disease.
3. Both components are key in primary prevention by promoting overall well-being, reducing the risk of age-related health issues, and enhancing quality of life.
Incorrect Choices:
A: Annual health screenings - While important for early detection, screenings alone do not prevent health issues.
B: Social isolation prevention programs - Important for mental health, but not primary prevention.
C: Routine medication management - Important for managing existing conditions, not primary prevention.
D: Memory enhancement exercises - Beneficial for cognitive health but not primary prevention for physical health issues in older adults.
All of the following nursing actions except____________ will help maintain safety for the elderly.
- A. Modify environment to reduce obstacles and barriers to ambulation
- B. Provide for consistent, regular checks of clients' ambulation abilities
- C. Orient to new surroundings and repeat frequently as needed
- D. Promote independence without assistance to all clients
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because promoting independence without assistance to all clients may not always maintain safety for the elderly. Elderly individuals may require some level of assistance for certain activities to prevent falls or other safety risks. Providing assistance when needed is crucial for ensuring their safety.
A: Modifying the environment to reduce obstacles and barriers to ambulation helps prevent falls.
B: Consistent checks of ambulation abilities ensure early detection of any decline in mobility.
C: Orienting to new surroundings and repeating as needed helps prevent confusion and disorientation.
A home care nurse discusses turning a patient every 2 hours, but the patient’s daughter removes the turning clock. The best response by the nurse is:
- A. “You must follow my guidelines and turn her every 2 hours, or I will not be able to take care of her.”
- B. “I understand that you value your culture, but culture cannot stop you from providing good care to your mother.”
- C. “I understand that you care very much for your mother. Perhaps caring for her is too much for you.”
- D. “How can we best work together to provide the best care for your mother?”
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it demonstrates empathy, collaboration, and a patient-centered approach. By asking how to work together, the nurse acknowledges the daughter's concerns and fosters a collaborative relationship. This approach respects the daughter's role in her mother's care and encourages open communication.
Choice A is incorrect as it uses a threatening tone and may alienate the daughter, leading to a breakdown in communication. Choice B is incorrect as it dismisses the daughter's cultural values, which are important in providing holistic care. Choice C is incorrect as it suggests that the daughter is incapable of caring for her mother, which can be disempowering and offensive.
Which racial or ethnic group has the highest life expectancy in the United States?
- A. Native Americans
- B. African Americans
- C. Hispanic Americans
- D. Asian and Pacific Island Americans
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Asian and Pacific Island Americans. This group has the highest life expectancy in the US due to various factors such as healthy dietary habits, lower rates of smoking and alcohol consumption, access to quality healthcare, and strong social support systems. They also tend to engage in regular physical activity and have lower rates of obesity and chronic diseases compared to other racial or ethnic groups. In contrast, choices A, B, and C have lower life expectancies due to factors such as higher rates of poverty, inadequate healthcare access, systemic racism, and higher prevalence of chronic health conditions like diabetes and heart disease.
A nurse caring for older adults must be aware of which consequences of ageism in language? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Reduced sense of self
- B. Poor nutritional intake
- C. Lowered sense of self-competence
- D. Decreased memory performance
Correct Answer: A, C, D
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale:
1. Reduced sense of self: Ageist language can contribute to older adults feeling devalued and less confident.
2. Lowered sense of self-competence: Negative language can impact self-esteem and belief in one's abilities.
3. Decreased memory performance: Ageist language can reinforce negative stereotypes, leading to self-doubt and cognitive decline.
Summary of incorrect choices:
B: Poor nutritional intake - Not directly related to consequences of ageism in language.
Incorrect choices do not address the psychological and emotional impacts of ageist language on older adults.