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The nurse provides discharge teaching to a patient with venous leg ulcers. Which statement made by the patient indicates the need for further education?
- A. I will take a walk daily.
- B. I will try to lose at least 20 pounds.
- C. I will put on my stockings after I get out of bed each day.
- D. I will not wear knee-high socks that are tight around my calf.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Not wearing tight knee-high socks is correct, as tight clothing can impede circulation; the statement suggests misunderstanding, indicating a need for further education.
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Which strategy is most important for a nurse to include when planning care for a patient who has neutropenia?
- A. Restricting all visitors.
- B. Placing the patient in a private room.
- C. Advising the patient to use only an electric shaver.
- D. Wearing a gown and gloves when in direct contact with the patient.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Placing the patient in a private room is crucial for a neutropenic patient to minimize exposure to pathogens, reducing infection risk due to their compromised immune system.
Which instruction would the nurse include in the teaching plan for a patient newly diagnosed with microcytic hypochromic anemia?
- A. Take enteric-coated iron with each meal.
- B. Take cobalamin with green, leafy vegetables.
- C. Take the iron with orange juice 1 hour before meals.
- D. Decrease the intake of the antiseizure medications to improve anemia.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Taking iron with orange juice 1 hour before meals enhances absorption due to vitamin C, optimal for treating microcytic hypochromic anemia.
The nurse presents information to a group of nursing students about cultural and ethnic health disparities related to hypertension. Which information would the nurse include about the comparison of Mexican Americans to White and Black populations?
- A. Mexican Americans have higher rates of good blood pressure control.
- B. Mexican Americans are more likely to receive treatment for hypertension.
- C. Mexican Americans have the highest prevalence of hypertension in the world.
- D. Mexican Americans have lower levels of awareness of hypertension and its treatment.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mexican Americans have lower levels of awareness of hypertension and its treatment compared to White and Black populations, contributing to health disparities.
Which finding would the nurse expect to see in a patient with a hemoglobin level of 8 g/dL? Select all that apply.
- A. Palpitations.
- B. Conjunctival pallor.
- C. Sternal tenderness.
- D. Heart rate of 104 beats/min.
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: Conjunctival pallor and increased heart rate (104 beats/min) are expected in anemia due to reduced oxygen-carrying capacity and compensatory tachycardia.
A patient reports episodic chest pain lasting a few minutes that is provoked by exertion and relieved within 10 minutes upon resting. Which cause of the patient's symptoms would the nurse suspect?
- A. Spasm of a major coronary artery.
- B. Exposure of the thrombogenic surface to plaque.
- C. Myocardial ischemia due to coronary artery disease.
- D. Myocardial ischemia secondary to microvascular disease.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Myocardial ischemia due to coronary artery disease causes chest pain provoked by exertion and relieved by rest, characteristic of stable angina.