Nokea
The nurse provides education regarding daily activities to a patient with thrombocytopenia. Which activity identified by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?
- A. Flossing using thick tape floss.
- B. Shaving using an electric razor.
- C. Wearing flip-flops to go walking.
- D. Brushing using a stiff-bristle toothbrush.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Shaving using an electric razor reduces the risk of cuts and bleeding, appropriate for a patient with thrombocytopenia due to low platelet counts.
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Which phrase describes the function of a buffer?
- A. To excrete weak acids.
- B. To secrete hydrogen ions.
- C. To convert strong acids to weak acids.
- D. To convert ammonia to ammonium ions.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Buffers convert strong acids to weak acids by neutralizing them, helping maintain stable pH in bodily fluids.
Which explanation will the nurse give a patient with non-Hodgkin lymphoma about the purpose of a planned lumbar puncture?
- A. To rule out any bone marrow involvement.
- B. To determine the level of cell differentiation.
- C. To establish which lymph cell type is involved.
- D. To find any central nervous system involvement.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A lumbar puncture in non-Hodgkin lymphoma is used to detect central nervous system involvement by examining cerebrospinal fluid for lymphoma cells.
Which statement is true regarding hemophilia?
- A. Hemophilia is not hereditary in nature.
- B. Hemophilia can be treated by replacement therapy.
- C. Hemophilia is an X-linked dominant genetic disorder.
- D. Hemophilia B is the most common form of hemophilia.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hemophilia is a hereditary bleeding disorder treated by replacement therapy with clotting factor concentrates, making option B correct.
A patient's arterial blood gas (ABG) results include a pH of 7.32, a PaCO2 of 56 mm Hg, and an HCO3 of 24 mEq/L. Which acid-base imbalance would the nurse use when developing the patient's plan of care?
- A. Metabolic acidosis.
- B. Metabolic alkalosis.
- C. Respiratory acidosis.
- D. Respiratory alkalosis.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis is characterized by low pH (7.32) and high PaCO2 (56 mm Hg), with normal HCO3 indicating no metabolic compensation.
A patient is diagnosed with primary hypertension and asks the nurse what caused the condition. Which response would the nurse give?
- A. There is no identified cause!
- B. A decrease in plasma renin levels.
- C. Too much plaque in the blood vessels.
- D. Kidney disease is the most common cause.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Primary hypertension, or essential hypertension, has no identifiable cause in most cases, distinguishing it from secondary hypertension.