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The nurse should interpret these results to indicate that the client has? Laboratory: pH 7.30 [7.35-7.45], PaCO2 50 mmHg [35-45 mm Hg], HCO3- 24 mEq/L [22-28 mEq/L]
- A. Respiratory Acidosis
- B. Respiratory Alkalosis
- C. Metabolic Acidosis
- D. Metabolic Alkalosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Low pH (7.30) and high PaCO2 (50 mm Hg) with normal HCO3- indicate uncompensated respiratory acidosis (A).
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The nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who is currently receiving mechanical ventilation. After reviewing the client's arterial blood gas (ABG), the nurse identifies this ABG as Laboratory: pH 7.24 [7.35-7.45], PaCO2 48 mm Hg [35-45 mm Hg], HCO3 23 mEq/L [22-28 mEq/L], PaO2 90 mm Hg [80-100 mm Hg]
- A. metabolic alkalosis
- B. metabolic acidosis
- C. respiratory alkalosis
- D. respiratory acidosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The ABG shows low pH (7.24) and elevated PaCO2 (48 mm Hg), indicating respiratory acidosis (D) due to CO2 retention, common in COPD. HCO3 is normal, suggesting no compensation.
Which of the following arterial blood gas (ABG) results would the nurse expect if the client's condition is left untreated?
- A. pH 7.50, PCO2 48, PaO2 70, HCO3 44, SaO2 88%
- B. pH 7.28, PCO2 53, PaO2 55, HCO3 28, SaO2 82%
- C. pH 7.36, PCO2 44, PaO2 66, HCO3 28, SaO2 84%
- D. pH 7.48, PCO2 48, PaO2 70, HCO3 24, SaO2 86%
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Untreated ARDS causes severe hypoxemia and CO2 retention, leading to respiratory acidosis. Option B (pH 7.28, PaCO2 53, PaO2 55, SaO2 82%) reflects this.
The nurse is reviewing a client's arterial blood gas (ABG) results who has a nasogastric tube (NGT) attached to continuous suction. The ABG results reveal the following: pH 7.50 [7.35-7.45], PaCO2 42 mmHg [35-45 mm Hg], HCO3- 35 mEq/L [22-28 mEq/L]. The nurse should interpret these results to indicate that the client has
- A. respiratory acidosis
- B. respiratory alkalosis
- C. metabolic acidosis
- D. metabolic alkalosis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: High pH (7.50) and elevated HCO3- (35 mEq/L) with normal PaCO2 indicate metabolic alkalosis (D), likely due to loss of gastric acid from NGT suction.
The nurse caring for a client in the intensive care unit (ICU) is reviewing the arterial blood gas (ABG) results, which reveal a PaO2 = 70 mm Hg [80-100 mm Hg]. On assessment, the client has labored breathing, tachypnea, and an altered mental status. The nurse should anticipate the physician will order
- A. intubation via endotracheal tube (ETT)
- B. 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG)
- C. capillary blood glucose
- D. the insertion of an additional peripheral vascular access device (PVAD)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Low PaO2 (70 mm Hg) with labored breathing, tachypnea, and altered mental status suggests severe hypoxemia, warranting intubation (A) for airway protection and ventilation. ECG (B), glucose (C), and PVAD (D) do not address hypoxemia.
The nurse should recognize that the client is experiencing Laboratory: pH 7.19 [7.35-7.45], PaCO2 36 mm Hg [35-45 mm Hg], HCO3 12 mEq/L [22-28 mEq/L], PaO2 90 mm Hg [80-100 mm Hg]
- A. compensated metabolic acidosis
- B. uncompensated metabolic acidosis
- C. compensated respiratory acidosis
- D. uncompensated respiratory alkalosis
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Low pH (7.19) and low HCO3- (12 mEq/L) with normal PaCO2 indicate uncompensated metabolic acidosis (B). No compensation is evident as PaCO2 is normal.