Nokea
The nurse suspects a fat embolism rather than a pulmonary embolism from a venous thrombosis when the patient with a fracture develops what?
- A. Tachycardia and dyspnea
- B. A sudden onset of chest pain
- C. Petechiae around the neck and upper chest
- D. Electrocardiographic (ECG) changes and decreased PaO2
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Petechiae are characteristic of fat embolism.
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A patient reports nearly having a motor vehicle crash and states that his heart was pounding and he was breathing heavy and fast. Currently, the patient's heart rate and breathing are within normal limits. Which neurotransmitter has resumed control after the patient's incident?
- A. Serotonin
- B. Prostaglandin
- C. Acetylcholine
- D. Norepinephrine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter responsible for mediating parasympathetic (rest-and-digest) functions, which resume control after a sympathetic (fight-or-flight) response. Norepinephrine mediates the sympathetic response, while serotonin and prostaglandins are involved in mood and pain regulation. Understanding neurotransmitter roles is key to explaining autonomic nervous system function.
The effect of glucagon include:
- A. ketogenesis
- B. glycogenolysis
- C. gluconeogenesis
- D. all above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Glucagon promotes ketogenesis, glycogenolysis, and gluconeogenesis to increase blood glucose levels. These effects are part of its role in maintaining energy homeostasis during fasting.
As the community health nurse, you meet with Mrs. Rollo 1 week after discharge. She complains to you of increasing joint pain and stiffness despite adherence to the discharge plan for medication therapy and heat treatments. Which of the following aspects would you initially want to evaluate?
- A. Diet
- B. Balance between exercise and rest
- C. Use of fad diet or appliances
- D. Feelings of self-worth and self-concept
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Imbalance between exercise and rest can exacerbate joint pain and stiffness.
An important nursing intervention for the patient with ankylosing spondylitis is to teach the patient to do what?
- A. Wear roomy shoes with good orthotic support.
- B. Sleep on the side with the knees and hips flexed.
- C. Keep the spine slightly flexed while sitting, standing, or walking.
- D. Perform back, neck, and chest stretches and deep-breathing exercises.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Stretching exercises maintain flexibility.
When utilizing the Glasgow Coma Scale, the nurse knows coma will be represented by a score of
- B. 2
- C. 6 (8 or less indicates coma)
- D. 10
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 8 or less indicates coma. The GCS assesses eye, verbal, and motor responses to determine the level of consciousness. Lower scores reflect more severe neurological impairment, with a score of 3 indicating deep coma or brain death.