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The nurse understands that crises are self-limiting. This implies that upon evaluation of crisis intervention, the nurse should assess for which outcome?
- A. The patient will identify possible causes for the crisis.
- B. The patient will discover a new sense of self-sufficiency in coping.
- C. The patient will resume the precrisis level of functioning.
- D. The patient will express anger regarding the crisis event.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Crises usually last 4 to 6 weeks. At resolution, the person either returns to their precrisis level of functioning, functions at a higher level, or stabilizes at a lower level. Returning to precrisis functioning is a positive outcome. Identifying causes may lead to guilt, and persistent anger at 4 to 6 weeks suggests an unfavorable outcome.
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The nurse has established a therapeutic relationship with a patient. The patient is beginning to share feelings openly with the nurse. The relationship has entered which phase according to Peplau's theory?
- A. Orientation
- B. Identification
- C. Exploitation
- D. Resolution
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In Peplau's theory, the identification phase is when the client works interdependently with the nurse, expresses feelings, and begins to feel stronger. This follows the orientation phase and precedes exploitation and resolution.
A patient is blaming his impending divorce on the fact that his wife goes out frequently with her girlfriends. If using reality therapy, the nurse would help the patient with which of the following responses?
- A. If you really love her, she should love you as well.
- B. What does being divorced mean for you?
- C. How do you feel about your marriage ending?
- D. What role do you think you have played in the end of your marriage?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Reality therapy encourages clients to examine their own behaviors and their impact on life goals, such as taking responsibility for their role in the divorce.
Which of the following considerations should have the most influence in the nurse's choice of the treatment for the client?
- A. The client's feelings and perceptions about his or her situation
- B. The nurse's beliefs about the theories of psychosocial development
- C. The nurse's familiarity with the type of treatment
- D. Any approach to treatment should work with any client.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The client's feelings and perceptions are critical in tailoring effective therapeutic interventions, ensuring they align with the client's needs and expectations.
Which of the following theories could be classified as humanistic theories?
- A. Cognitive therapy
- B. Maslow's hierarchy of needs
- C. Gestalt therapy
- D. Rogers' client-centered therapy
- E. Rational emotive therapy
- F. Piaget's cognitive stages of development
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: Humanistic theories, like Maslow's hierarchy of needs and Rogers' client-centered therapy, focus on self-actualization and personal growth, unlike cognitive, gestalt, rational emotive, or Piaget's developmental theories.
The nurse would recommend individual therapy for the patient who expresses a desire to
- A. Bring about personal changes.
- B. Gain a sense of belonging.
- C. Develop leadership skills.
- D. Learn more about treatment.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Individual psychotherapy is ideal for clients seeking personal change, self-understanding, or relief from emotional distress, unlike group-based goals like belonging or leadership.