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The nurse using the PACE interview guide for persons at risk for substance abuse arrives at a score of 2 for an adolescent patient. How would the nurse interpret this score?
- A. Nonindicative of potential substance abuse
- B. Normal experimentation of the adolescent
- C. Need to schedule another PACE interview in 3 months
- D. Indication for referral for counseling
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The PACE guide recommends that a score of 2 or higher would suggest the need for a referral for counseling about substance abuse.
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The school nurse is discussing challenges of the adolescent years with a group of high school students in health class. What challenges toward adolescent development will the nurse include?
- A. Developing intimacy
- B. Maintaining dependence on parents
- C. Searching for identity
- D. Adjusting to body changes
- E. Establishing future goals
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: Adolescents face the challenges of developing intimacy, searching for identity, adjusting to body changes, and establishing goals for the future. Adolescents are striving for independence from parents.
What does an adolescent's peer group serve as related to development?
- A. Social outlet
- B. Association to blur personal identity
- C. Platform for 'group think'
- D. Initial separation from family
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Being a member of a peer group and communicating with and seeking approval from this group are hallmarks of the first separation from the family.
A 13-year-old girl tells the school nurse that she is getting fat, especially in her hips and legs. What understanding by the nurse would best guide the response?
- A. Many adolescents are unaware of proper nutrition.
- B. Adolescents of this age become less active and should eat fewer calories.
- C. Puberty is often preceded by fat deposits in these areas.
- D. As soon as menarche occurs, she will lose this excess weight.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Secondary sexual characteristics become apparent before menarche. Fat is deposited in the hips, thighs, and breasts, causing them to enlarge.
What foods would be a healthy choice for an adolescent who just finished playing in a strenuous sports game?
- A. A cheeseburger and soda
- B. A hot fudge sundae
- C. Two sausage and egg breakfast sandwiches and orange juice
- D. A bagel and skim milk
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A bagel provides a rapid supply of carbohydrates to the muscles, and skim milk provides a slow release of carbohydrates to the muscles.
A 16-year-old boy excitedly tells his parents that he was offered a part-time job. Which response represents an effective problem-solving approach for his parents?
- A. Your studies are too important for you to have a part-time job.
- B. When we went to high school, academics were the adolescent's priority.
- C. We want you to put your earnings in a savings account.
- D. How do you think you will manage your school work and a job?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An effective approach to help adolescents learn to solve problems is for parents to guide them in exploring alternatives.