The nurse writes the client problem of 'altered sexual functioning' for a male client diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS). Which intervention should be implemented?
- A. Encourage the couple to explore alternative ways of maintaining intimacy.
- B. Make an appointment with a psychotherapist to counsel the couple.
- C. Explain daily exercise will help increase libido and sexual arousal.
- D. Discuss the importance of keeping physically calm during sexual intercourse.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Exploring alternative ways to maintain intimacy can help the client and their partner adapt to changes in sexual functioning caused by MS.
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What do we call the layer of fatty tissue surrounding the axon of some neurons?
- A. cutaneous coating
- B. myelin sheath
- C. dendritic barrier
- D. synaptic sleeve
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The myelin sheath is a layer of fatty tissue that surrounds the axons of some neurons, providing insulation and increasing the speed of electrical signal transmission. Myelin is produced by glial cells, such as oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. Damage to the myelin sheath, as seen in conditions like multiple sclerosis, can impair neural communication and lead to neurological symptoms.
The nurse instructs a client who has a neurological deficit regarding nutrition and diet. What should the client do?
- A. Eat two large meals instead of frequent small meals.
- B. Consume a diet low in fiber.
- C. Chew foods quickly.
- D. Be sure to take fluids frequently.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Staying hydrated is crucial for clients with neurological deficits to prevent constipation and urinary tract infections.
The cerebellum, ________ portion of the brain, is located below the occipital lobes of the cerebrum.
- A. the largest
- B. the second largest
- C. the third largest
- D. the smallest
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The cerebellum is the second largest portion of the brain, located below the occipital lobes of the cerebrum. It plays a crucial role in coordinating voluntary movements, balance, and posture. While the cerebrum is the largest part of the brain, the cerebellum is smaller but still significant in size and function. Therefore, the second largest is the correct answer.
A patient with a spinal cord injury has spinal shock. The nurse plans care for the patient based on what knowledge?
- A. Rehabilitation measures cannot be initiated until spinal shock has resolved.
- B. The patient will need continuous monitoring for hypotension, tachycardia, and hypoxemia.
- C. Resolution of spinal shock is manifested by spasticity, hyperreflexia, and reflex emptying of the bladder.
- D. The patient will have complete loss of motor and sensory functions below the level of the injury but autonomic functions are not affected.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Spinal shock resolves with the return of reflex activity.
Nurse Anderson is preparing to conduct an initial assessment of Mrs. Green, a 63-year-old woman admitted with Parkinson's Disease. She collaborates with the dietician to tailor Mrs. Green's diet, especially considering her medication, levodopa. Nurse Anderson discusses with the dietician about which type of food should be limited or avoided for a patient taking levodopa. What type of food should they focus on?
- A. Food rich in Vitamin B6.
- B. Food rich in Thiamine.
- C. Food rich in Vitamin E.
- D. Food rich in Vitamin C.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Vitamin B6 can interfere with the effectiveness of levodopa, so it should be limited in the diet of PD patients.