Nokea
The nursing student is taking an anatomy and physiology class. What anatomical structure equalizes air pressure in the middle ear?
- A. Eustachian tube
- B. The malleus
- C. The pinna
- D. The meatus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The eustachian tube extends from the floor of the middle ear to the pharynx and is lined with mucous membrane. It equalizes air pressure in the middle ear. The other options do not equalize pressure in the middle ear.
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The nurse is caring for a client who just returned from a trip requiring an airline flight. The client reported ear pain upon descent. The nurse is correct in stating which site as being the pressure equalizer in the ear?
- A. Eustachian tube
- B. Auricle
- C. Tympanic membrane
- D. Labyrinth
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The eustachian tube extends from the floor of the middle ear to the pharynx. It equalizes air pressure in the middle ear. The auricle is the fleshy portion of the outer ear which funnels sound waves to the inner ear. The tympanic membrane is the eardrum. The labyrinth is the inner ear which contains fluid.
The client is consulting with a physician regarding a potential diagnosis of M?©ni?¨re disease. The nurse is assisting in positional testing and documentation. Which diagnostic test would the nurse anticipate to obtain a more precise evaluation of vestibular function?
- A. Audiometry
- B. Electronystagmography
- C. Caloric stimulation test
- D. Romberg test
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The electronystagmography is a more precise method for evaluation vestibular function. It is performed in conjunction with caloric stimulation. When the fluid is instilled in the ear, a machine records the duration and velocity of eye movements with electrodes attached around the eye. Audiometry measures hearing acuity. The Romberg test measures balance.
The nurse is assisting in providing coordination of services between the physician's office and vision specialist's office for a client who is being referred for potential retinal surgery. Which eye care specialist will the nurse make the referral to?
- A. Optician
- B. Optometrist
- C. Ophthalmologist
- D. Ophthalmic technician
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The ophthalmologist is a physician who performs surgery on clients with eye disorders. The optician makes eyeglasses or contact lenses. The optometrist tests vision and prescribes corrective lenses. The ophthalmic technician assists in selective eye tests and procedures.
A nurse is assessing a pediatric client in a public health clinic. The parent states that the client has been sneezing and rubbing the eyes. The nurses observes the client's eyes and documents objective symptoms of watery and red eyes. When reporting the assessment findings to the health care provider, which description is appropriate?
- A. Signs and symptoms of conjunctivitis
- B. Signs and symptoms of ptosis
- C. Signs and symptoms of nystagmus
- D. Signs and symptoms of proptosis
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Conjunctivitis often stems from an allergy causing inflammation of the conjunctiva, which is a thin, transparent mucous membrane. Conjunctivitis can cause symptoms of itchiness, redness, and watery eyes. Ptosis is drooping of the upper eyelid. Proptosis is an extended and upper eyelid that delays in closing or remains partially open. Nystagmus is an uncontrolled oscillating movement of the eyeball.
The nurse is instructing a nursing student when a new client comes to the eye clinic. The client reports suspecting a corneal abrasion. The nurse should explain what to the student nurse?
- A. To detect corneal abrasions, an ophthalmoscope is used.
- B. To detect corneal abrasions, ultrasonography is used.
- C. To detect corneal abrasions, a slit lamp is used.
- D. To detect corneal abrasions, retinal angiography is used.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A slit lamp is a binocular microscope that magnifies the surface of the eye. A beam of light, narrowed to a slit, is directed at the cornea, facilitating an examination of structures and fluid in the anterior segment of the eye. This examination is used to identify disorders such as corneal abrasions, iritis, conjunctivitis, and cataracts. The other options are not used to detect corneal abrasions.