Nokea
The opening to the uterus:
- A. Vagina
- B. Ovary
- C. Cervix
- D. hypermenorrhoea
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cervix. The cervix is the opening to the uterus, allowing passage of sperm into the uterus and menstrual blood out of the uterus. The vagina (A) is the canal leading from the cervix to the outside of the body. The ovary (B) is responsible for producing eggs and hormones but is not the opening to the uterus. Hypermenorrhoea (D) refers to excessive menstrual bleeding and is not related to the opening to the uterus.
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A 67-year-old man who was admitted for a transurethral resection and fulguration of a stage A bladder tumor is ready for discharge. In his discharge teaching plan the nurse should reinforce the importance of his physician for
- A. periodic cystoscopies
- B. headaches
- C. routine urinalysis
- D. increased daily urinary output
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Periodic cystoscopies are important to monitor for recurrence of bladder tumors.
What hormone(s) stimulates the growth of the endometrium during the proliferative phase of the uterine (menstrual) cycle?
- A. Estrogens
- B. Progesterones
- C. Insulin
- D. Testosterone
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Estrogens stimulate growth of the endometrium during the proliferative phase by promoting cell proliferation and thickening of the endometrial lining. Estrogens also increase blood flow to the endometrium. Progesterone, on the other hand, prepares the endometrium for implantation and supports pregnancy, but does not directly stimulate growth during the proliferative phase. Insulin and testosterone do not have direct roles in stimulating endometrial growth during this phase.
Structurally, the ovary displays:
- A. on the outside, an elastic tissue;
- B. on the surface, the glandular parenchyma;
- C. the cortical area, which contains ovarian follicles;
- D. the medullar area, which contains blood vessels;
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: The ovary is a complex organ with distinct internal structures.
Step 2: The ovarian cortex houses ovarian follicles, which are crucial for reproductive functions.
Step 3: Ovarian follicles contain oocytes and support cells for oocyte development.
Step 4: Therefore, choice C is correct as it accurately describes the structural aspect of the ovary.
Summary: Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately describe the structural components of the ovary. Choice A talks about elastic tissue, choice B mentions glandular parenchyma, and choice D refers to blood vessels, none of which are specific to the structural arrangement of the ovary.
Circular movement around an axis is known as ___________________.
- A. Dorsiflexion
- B. Rotation
- C. Extension
- D. Pronation
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Rotation. Circular movement around an axis is described as rotation. This movement involves turning or spinning around a fixed point. Dorsiflexion (A) is the movement of bringing the top of the foot towards the shin. Extension (C) refers to straightening or increasing the angle of a joint. Pronation (D) is the inward rotation of the forearm or foot. Rotation (B) specifically signifies movement around an axis, making it the most appropriate choice for circular movement.
Bones that form the roof and the upper part of the sides of the cranium
- A. Frontal bone
- B. Temporal bone
- C. Parietal bone
- D. Occipital bone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Parietal bone. The parietal bone forms the roof and upper part of the sides of the cranium. It articulates with other bones, such as the frontal, temporal, and occipital bones, to create the structure of the skull. The frontal bone (A) forms the forehead, the temporal bone (B) is located on the sides of the skull, and the occipital bone (D) forms the back and base of the skull. Therefore, the parietal bone is the only bone among the choices that specifically fits the description of forming the roof and upper part of the sides of the cranium.