Nokea
The outcome that should be established for an elderly patient with delirium caused by fever and dehydration is that the patient will:
- A. Return to a premorbid level of functioning.
- B. Demonstrate motor responses to noxious stimuli.
- C. Identify stressors negatively affecting self.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because the goal in managing delirium in an elderly patient is to restore them to their premorbid level of functioning. This involves addressing the underlying causes like fever and dehydration. Option B is incorrect as it focuses on a neurological response rather than the overall outcome for the patient. Option C is also incorrect as it pertains to identifying stressors, which is not the primary goal in managing delirium. Option D is incorrect as it dismisses the importance of restoring the patient to their baseline level of functioning.
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A patient has disorganized thinking associated with schizophrenia. Neuroimaging would most likely show dysfunction in which part of the brain?
- A. Hippocampus
- B. Frontal lobe
- C. Cerebellum
- D. Brainstem
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Frontal lobe. Disorganized thinking in schizophrenia is often associated with executive function deficits, which are primarily controlled by the frontal lobe. This area is responsible for decision-making, problem-solving, and reasoning. Dysfunction here can lead to disorganized thoughts and behaviors. The other choices, such as the hippocampus (A), involved in memory, the cerebellum (C), involved in motor coordination, and the brainstem (D), involved in basic life functions, are less likely to be directly related to disorganized thinking in schizophrenia.
The first step in the treatment of incest is to:
- A. believe the child who reports the activity
- B. notify the proper authorities
- C. objectively confront the accused family member
- D. remove the child from the home
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Believing the child establishes trust and validates their experience, forming the foundation for further protective and therapeutic actions.
A client with obsessive-compulsive personality disorder seeks treatment for depression after the recent breakup of a relationship. The client constantly procrastinated about proposing marriage and said his girlfriend complained that he did not show her affection and that he was too controlling. Now he describes inability to sleep, poor concentration, and loss of energy since the breakup. Which outcome is a priority for the client? The client will:
- A. Demonstrate assertive behavior
- B. Express hope for developing a new relationship in the future
- C. Identify feelings of sadness related to the failed relationship
- D. List three new ways to reduce stress
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Identify feelings of sadness related to the failed relationship. This is the priority outcome because the client's current symptoms of depression, such as inability to sleep, poor concentration, and loss of energy, are likely related to the breakup. By identifying and processing feelings of sadness, the client can begin to work through the grief and emotional distress caused by the failed relationship, which can help alleviate the depressive symptoms.
Choice A (Demonstrate assertive behavior) is not the priority outcome as the client's primary issue is related to depression and processing emotions, not assertiveness. Choice B (Express hope for developing a new relationship in the future) may be important for the client's overall well-being, but it is not the immediate priority for addressing the current depressive symptoms. Choice D (List three new ways to reduce stress) may be helpful in managing symptoms, but it does not address the core issue of processing emotions related to the breakup.
A nurse has recently been assigned to a unit that specializes in the care of patients diagnosed with eating disorders. The nurse should consider which of the following actions as having priority when preparing for this new assignment?
- A. Becoming familiar with the unit's policies and procedures.
- B. Arranging to mentor with a nurse who has experience on the unit.
- C. Self-reflecting on personal feelings regarding body weight and size.
- D. Attending an educational seminar that focuses on maladaptive eating disorders.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Self-reflecting on personal feelings regarding body weight and size is crucial for the nurse to be aware of any biases or triggers that may affect patient care. Understanding personal attitudes towards body image can prevent unintentional harm or judgment towards patients.
A: Becoming familiar with the unit's policies and procedures is important but not the top priority when dealing with patients with eating disorders.
B: Arranging to mentor with a nurse who has experience on the unit can be helpful but does not address the nurse's personal biases.
D: Attending an educational seminar is valuable but may not address the nurse's own attitudes towards body image.
Which of the following options is not useful for reducing mental conflict?
- A. Stay away from the causes of conflict.
- B. Find out the exact causes of the conflict.
- C. Think about what's left out.
- D. Consult an adult.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mental conflict refers to a state of inner turmoil or struggle that arises when an individual experiences opposing thoughts, desires, or emotions. Strategies useful for reducing mental conflict include avoiding triggers (A), understanding root causes (B), and seeking support (D). Thinking about what's left out (C) can lead to overthinking, increasing conflict rather than reducing it.