Nokea
The outpatient clinic nurse is working with clients diagnosed with sexually transmitted diseases (STD). Which long-term complication should the nurse discuss with the clients about STDs?
- A. Stress the need for clients to completely finish all antibiotics prescriptions.
- B. Inform the clients that, legally, many STIs must be reported to the health department.
- C. Sexually transmitted diseases can result in reproductive problems.
- D. Discuss the myth that acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is an STI.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: STDs like chlamydia and gonorrhea can cause infertility or ectopic pregnancy, a critical long-term complication. Antibiotic completion, reporting, and AIDS myths are important but not complications.
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The client who is scheduled to have a breast biopsy with sentinel node dissection states, 'I don't understand. What does a sentinel node biopsy do?' Which scientific rationale should the nurse use to base the response?
- A. A dye is injected into the tumor and traced to determine spread of cells.
- B. The surgeon removes the nodes that drain the diseased portion of the breast.
- C. The nodes felt manually will be removed and sent to pathology.
- D. A visual inspection of the lymph nodes will be made while the client is sleeping.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sentinel node biopsy involves injecting dye to identify the first lymph node(s) draining the tumor, assessing cancer spread. Removing all draining nodes is outdated, manual palpation is not specific, and visual inspection alone is insufficient.
The client is diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer to the bones. Which nursing intervention should the nurse implement?
- A. Prepare for a transurethral resection of the prostate.
- B. Keep the foot of the bed elevated at all times.
- C. Place the client on a scheduled bowel regimen.
- D. Discuss the client’s altered sexual functioning.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bone metastasis increases constipation risk (e.g., from analgesics); a bowel regimen prevents complications. TURP is for obstruction, bed elevation is irrelevant, and sexual function is secondary.
If the client is asymptomatic and at low risk for breast cancer, the nurse would be correct in advising her to have a baseline mammogram at what age?
- A. 35
- B. 45
- C. 50
- D. 55
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The American Cancer Society recommends that women at average risk for breast cancer begin annual mammograms at age 45, but a baseline mammogram may be considered at age 40-50 depending on guidelines. For low-risk, asymptomatic women, age 50 is often the standard starting point for routine screening.
If the client asks about long-term consequences that are associated with this disorder, the nurse accurately identifies which outcome?
- A. Cancer of the cervix
- B. Premature labors
- C. Spontaneous abortions
- D. Difficulty getting pregnant
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Pelvic inflammatory disease can cause scarring of the fallopian tubes, leading to infertility or difficulty conceiving.
When the client asks where the laparoscope will be inserted, the nurse correctly identifies which structure?
- A. Abdomen
- B. Vagina
- C. Uterine cervix
- D. Uterine fundus
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: For endometriosis, a laparoscope is inserted through a small abdominal incision to visualize and remove ectopic tissue.