Nokea
The parents of a child newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus tell the nurse, 'Our son's body is resistant to insulin.' With what does the nurse recognize this description is consistent?
- A. Type 1, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
- B. Type 2, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
- C. Maturity-onset diabetes of youth
- D. Drug-induced diabetes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by insulin resistance, unlike type 1 which involves insulin deficiency.
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The nurse is discussing insulin shock with parents of a child recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. What will the nurse respond when the parents ask why children are more prone to insulin reactions? (Select all that apply.)
- A. The condition is more unstable in children.'
- B. Parents are often noncompliant.'
- C. The activities are irregular.'
- D. They are still growing.'
- E. Sleep patterns are not established.'
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Children are more prone to insulin reactions due to unstable condition, irregular activities, and growth.
What makes keeping diabetes in control in an adolescent difficult? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Hormonal changes
- B. Developmental conflicts
- C. Preference for fast food
- D. Growth spurts
- E. Knowledge of disease
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: Hormonal changes, developmental conflicts, fast food preferences, and growth spurts complicate diabetes management in adolescents.
The nurse is preparing to administer a long-acting insulin. Which insulin is considered long acting?
- A. Lispro
- B. Aspart
- C. Glargine
- D. Regular
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin, unlike Lispro, Aspart, and Regular which are rapid or short-acting.
A child with diabetes is brought to the emergency department. He is flushed and drowsy, and his skin is dry. His father states that the child has been feeling progressively worse since the morning. What is this child most likely experiencing?
- A. Somogyi phenomenon
- B. Dawn syndrome
- C. Ketoacidosis
- D. Water intoxication
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In ketoacidosis, the child's skin is dry, the face is flushed, and the breath has a fruity odor, indicating a serious complication of diabetes.
The nurse discussed treatment of hypoglycemia with an adolescent. Which statement by the adolescent leads the nurse to determine the patient understood the instructions?
- A. When my blood glucose is low or if I begin to feel hungry and weak, I will eat six LifeSavers.'
- B. When my blood glucose is low or if I begin to feel hungry and weak, I will give myself Lispro insulin.'
- C. When my blood glucose is low or if I begin to feel hungry and weak, I will have a slice of cheese.'
- D. When my blood glucose is low or if I begin to feel hungry and weak, I will drink a diet soda.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The immediate treatment of hypoglycemia involves consuming a quick source of sugar, such as hard candy like LifeSavers.