Nokea
Which comment made by a school-age child indicates that he needs more teaching about diabetes mellitus and exercise?
- A. I carry a piece of hard candy with me in case I start to feel shaky.'
- B. I make sure I have emergency money when I have soccer practice or a game.'
- C. Sometimes I skip my breakfast when I have a game in the morning.'
- D. I play in soccer games that are scheduled after dinner.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Skipping a meal before exercise increases the risk of hypoglycemia in a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
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What statement by a parent leads the nurse to determine a parent is administering levothyroxine (Synthroid) correctly?
- A. I stopped giving the medication because my daughter was losing her hair.'
- B. I am using a different brand now because it costs less money.'
- C. I don't give the medication on the weekends.'
- D. I give the medication at 8:00 AM every day.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Synthroid should be given at the same time each day, preferably in the morning, for consistent therapeutic effect.
What does the nurse remind the adolescent with diabetes that soluble fiber in the diet can reduce? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Blood glucose
- B. Serum cholesterol
- C. Incidence of infections
- D. Absorption of sugar
- E. Insulin requirements
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: Soluble fiber can reduce blood glucose, serum cholesterol, sugar absorption, and insulin requirements.
What does the nurse instruct a 12-year-old to do when teaching how to administer insulin?
- A. Make sure injection sites are 6 inches apart.
- B. Select an injection site that was recently exercised.
- C. Inject the needle at a 90-degree angle.
- D. Give the injection deep into the muscle.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Children often find it easier to inject insulin at a 90-degree angle for proper administration.
What occurs as a result of an inadequate secretion of insulin?
- A. Protein synthesis is increased.
- B. Increased fat breakdown leads to ketonemia.
- C. Serum glucose levels are markedly decreased.
- D. More rapid conversion and storage of carbohydrates to glucose occurs.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When insulin is deficient, the body cannot metabolize carbohydrates for energy, leading to increased fat breakdown and ketonemia.
The nurse discussed treatment of hypoglycemia with an adolescent. Which statement by the adolescent leads the nurse to determine the patient understood the instructions?
- A. When my blood glucose is low or if I begin to feel hungry and weak, I will eat six LifeSavers.'
- B. When my blood glucose is low or if I begin to feel hungry and weak, I will give myself Lispro insulin.'
- C. When my blood glucose is low or if I begin to feel hungry and weak, I will have a slice of cheese.'
- D. When my blood glucose is low or if I begin to feel hungry and weak, I will drink a diet soda.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The immediate treatment of hypoglycemia involves consuming a quick source of sugar, such as hard candy like LifeSavers.