Nokea
The nurse is discussing insulin shock with parents of a child recently diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. What will the nurse respond when the parents ask why children are more prone to insulin reactions? (Select all that apply.)
- A. The condition is more unstable in children.'
- B. Parents are often noncompliant.'
- C. The activities are irregular.'
- D. They are still growing.'
- E. Sleep patterns are not established.'
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Children are more prone to insulin reactions due to unstable condition, irregular activities, and growth.
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What occurs as a result of an inadequate secretion of insulin?
- A. Protein synthesis is increased.
- B. Increased fat breakdown leads to ketonemia.
- C. Serum glucose levels are markedly decreased.
- D. More rapid conversion and storage of carbohydrates to glucose occurs.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: When insulin is deficient, the body cannot metabolize carbohydrates for energy, leading to increased fat breakdown and ketonemia.
The nurse is preparing to administer a long-acting insulin. Which insulin is considered long acting?
- A. Lispro
- B. Aspart
- C. Glargine
- D. Regular
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin, unlike Lispro, Aspart, and Regular which are rapid or short-acting.
Why does the nurse instruct an 11-year-old diabetic child to use the side of the finger for blood testing?
- A. It has fewer capillaries.
- B. It is easier to puncture.
- C. It is less likely to become infected.
- D. It has fewer nerve endings.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The sides of the finger have fewer nerve endings, making blood testing less painful.
What is an important consideration for the school-age child taking DDAVP for diabetes insipidus?
- A. Observe for signs of water deprivation.
- B. Restrict his physical education program.
- C. Arrange for the child to use the bathroom when needed.
- D. Limit fluid intake other than during the lunch period.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The child with diabetes insipidus needs liberal access to bathrooms due to frequent urination.
What is the pattern of inheritance for most inborn errors of metabolism?
- A. Autosomal recessive
- B. Autosomal dominant
- C. X-linked recessive
- D. Multifactorial
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The pattern of inheritance for most inborn errors of metabolism, such as Tay-Sachs disease, is generally autosomal recessive.