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The parents of a child with ADHD express to the nurse, 'We get so frustrated when our son never minds us.' Which parenting strategies should the nurse discuss with the parents? Select all that apply.
- A. Use time-out for behavior control.
- B. Provide occasional rewards and consequences for behavior.
- C. Give verbal reprimands for negative behavior.
- D. Resist giving praise until fully compliant with requests.
- E. Use a point system for positive and negative behavior.
Correct Answer: A,C,E
Rationale: Time-outs, verbal reprimands, and point systems are effective strategies for managing ADHD behaviors consistently.
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A parent is concerned that his child might suffer from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which of the following behaviors reported by the parent would be consistent with this diagnosis?
- A. The child interrupts others.
- B. The child has been hoarding objects.
- C. The child has lots of friends.
- D. The child is excelling academically in school.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Interrupting others is a hallmark of ADHD, reflecting impulsivity, unlike hoarding, social success, or academic excellence.
The nurse has been working with the family of a small child with a psychiatric disorder. The nurse is feeling very frustrated because the parents refuse to implement effective parenting skills that the nurse has taught. What is the best action for the nurse at this time?
- A. Review effective disciplinary practices with the parents again.
- B. Refer the parents to a family therapist.
- C. Try to remember that the parents are trying to the best of their ability to carry out the suggestions.
- D. Explore alternative living arrangements for the child.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Recognizing parents' efforts and challenges fosters empathy and supports continued collaboration without premature escalation.
When the prognosis of improvement in a child with psychiatric disorders is poor, what can the nurse do to positively influence children and adolescents and their parents?
- A. Continue to remind the child and parents that the prognosis for improvement is very poor.
- B. Encourage the parents to believe that the child will recover spontaneously.
- C. Assist the child and the parents to develop coping mechanisms.
- D. Focus on their problems instead of their strengths and assets.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Helping develop coping mechanisms leverages the child's developmental stage to improve long-term outcomes, focusing on strengths.
A nurse asks an assigned client, 'How are you doing today?' The client responds with 'doing today, doing today, doing today.' Which speech pattern disturbance is this an example of?
- A. Reactive attachment disorder
- B. Stereotypic movement disorder
- C. Selective mutism
- D. Echolalia
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Echolalia involves repeating the last heard words or phrases, as seen in the client's response, unlike the other disorders listed.
Which of the following would be important circumstances to gather assessment data for a child with ADHD? Select all that apply.
- A. Direct observation of the child
- B. Reviewing the client's record
- C. Interviewing the client's parents
- D. Interviewing the client's teachers
- E. Assessing the client in a group of peers
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: Direct observation, parent and teacher interviews, and peer group assessment provide comprehensive data on ADHD behaviors, unlike record review alone.