Nokea
The parietal cells in the gastric glands of the pyloric region produce ______ that bonds with Vitamin ______ to make it more readily absorbed in the ileum.
- A. hydrochloric acid; B12
- B. mucus; D
- C. pepsinogen; D
- D. intrinsic factor; B12
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because intrinsic factor is produced by parietal cells in the gastric glands of the pyloric region. Intrinsic factor forms a complex with Vitamin B12, which is essential for its absorption in the ileum. This mechanism is crucial for preventing Vitamin B12 deficiency.
Choice A is incorrect because hydrochloric acid is produced by parietal cells but does not bond with Vitamin B12 for absorption. Choice B is incorrect as mucus is not involved in Vitamin B12 absorption. Choice C is incorrect as pepsinogen is not responsible for facilitating Vitamin B12 absorption.
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What instruction should be given to a client scheduled for a gallbladder series test?
- A. To remain on a low-residue diet 1 to 2 days before the test
- B. To take a laxative the evening before the test
- C. Not to eat or drink until the test is complete
- D. To take cleansing enemas the morning of the test
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client scheduled for a gallbladder series test is not to eat or drink until the test is complete. This is because the test requires fasting to ensure clear visualization of the gallbladder and surrounding structures. Eating or drinking could interfere with the results by causing gallbladder contraction or obscuring the images.
A) Instructing the client to remain on a low-residue diet is not necessary for this specific test and may not provide the required fasting.
B) Taking a laxative or cleansing enemas is not typically required for a gallbladder series test and can be unnecessary and may even be harmful.
Which of the following is an accessory organ of digestion?
- A. pancreas
- B. esophagus
- C. stomach
- D. small intestine
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: pancreas. The pancreas is an accessory organ of digestion because it produces digestive enzymes that help break down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins in the small intestine. It also secretes bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid. The esophagus (B) is a part of the digestive tract but not an accessory organ. The stomach (C) and small intestine (D) are primary organs of digestion, not accessory organs.
Bile contains all of the following except:
- A. Alkaline phosphatase +
- B. K
- C. Cholesterol
- D. CCK
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bile does not contain potassium (K) as it is not a component of bile. The correct answer is B. Alkaline phosphatase is present in bile and aids in digestion. Cholesterol is also found in bile. CCK (Cholecystokinin) is a hormone released by the small intestine to stimulate bile release. Potassium is not a part of the composition of bile.
Nurse Hannah is teaching a group of middle-aged men about peptic ulcers. When discussing risk factors for peptic ulcers, the nurse should mention:
- A. A sedentary lifestyle and smoking.
- B. A history of hemorrhoids and smoking.
- C. Alcohol abuse and a history of acute renal failure.
- D. Alcohol abuse and smoking.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Alcohol abuse and smoking. Both alcohol abuse and smoking are well-established risk factors for peptic ulcers. Alcohol can irritate and damage the stomach lining, while smoking can increase stomach acid production and weaken the stomach lining. These factors can contribute to the development of peptic ulcers.
Choice A (A sedentary lifestyle and smoking) is incorrect because while smoking is a risk factor, a sedentary lifestyle is not directly linked to the development of peptic ulcers.
Choice B (A history of hemorrhoids and smoking) is incorrect because hemorrhoids are not a known risk factor for peptic ulcers.
Choice C (Alcohol abuse and a history of acute renal failure) is incorrect because acute renal failure is not typically associated with an increased risk of peptic ulcers, unlike alcohol abuse.
The nurse is assessing a patient who had an abdominal hysterectomy. Which of the following signs of infection should the nurse be most concerned about?
- A. Redness around the incision site
- B. A temperature of 99°F
- C. Complaints of mild abdominal cramping
- D. Purulent drainage from the incision site
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Purulent drainage from the incision site. Purulent drainage indicates an active infection, requiring immediate attention and intervention to prevent serious complications. Redness and a low-grade fever can be common in the early stages of healing and may not necessarily indicate infection. Complaints of mild cramping are also common post-surgery and may not specifically point to infection. Purulent drainage is a more specific and concerning sign of infection as it indicates the presence of pus and bacteria at the incision site, requiring prompt medical evaluation and treatment to prevent further complications.