Nokea
The patient has lateral angulation of the large toe toward the second toe. The nurse knows that treatment will include what?
- A. Metatarsal arch support
- B. Trimming with a scalpel after softening
- C. Surgery to remove the bursal sac and bony enlargement
- D. Intraarticular corticosteroids and passive manual stretching
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Surgery addresses structural deformities.
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The Peripheral Nervous System is made up of the:
- A. brain and spinal cord.
- B. spinal cord and spinal nerves.
- C. spinal nerves and brain.
- D. All of the above.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The peripheral nervous system (PNS) includes all the nerves outside the central nervous system, such as spinal nerves and cranial nerves. It connects the CNS to the limbs, organs, and skin, allowing for the transmission of sensory and motor signals. The PNS is divided into the somatic nervous system, which controls voluntary movements, and the autonomic nervous system, which regulates involuntary functions like heart rate and digestion.
A nurse is assessing a client who has returned from a cerebral arteriogram. The left carotid site was punctured. Which of the following indicates complications?
- A. Difficulty swallowing (hematoma develops and pushes on the trachea)
- B. Puncture site is dry and red
- C. BP 120/82, HR 86, RR 22
- D. No swelling or hematoma at the site
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Difficulty swallowing after a cerebral arteriogram may indicate a hematoma at the puncture site, which can compress the trachea and cause respiratory distress. This is a serious complication requiring immediate intervention to prevent airway obstruction and further complications.
A patient is admitted with an open fracture of the tibia following a bicycle accident. During assessment of the patient, what specifically should the nurse question the patient about?
- A. Any previous injuries to the leg
- B. The status of tetanus immunization
- C. The use of antibiotics in the last month
- D. Whether the injury was exposed to dirt or gravel
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tetanus prophylaxis is crucial in open fractures due to the risk of contamination.
During an acute exacerbation, a patient with SLE is treated with corticosteroids. The nurse would expect the corticosteroids to begin to be tapered when which serum laboratory results are evident?
- A. Decreased anti-DNA
- B. Increased complement
- C. Increased red blood cells (RBCs)
- D. Decreased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Increased complement indicates reduced disease activity.
The nurse is preparing to discharge a patient with chronic low back pain. Which statement by the patient indicates that additional teaching is necessary?
- A. I will avoid exercise because the pain gets worse.
- B. I will use heat or ice to help control the pain.
- C. I will not wear high-heeled shoes at home or work.
- D. I will purchase a firm mattress to replace my old one.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Avoiding exercise can lead to muscle weakness and worsening of back pain; exercise is often recommended as part of the treatment plan.