Nokea
The patient with apraxia cannot:
- A. name his fingers
- B. carry out an imagined act
- C. draw simple diagrams
- D. speak fluently
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Carry out an imagined act is the correct answer because apraxia is a motor disorder characterized by the inability to perform purposeful movements, despite having the physical ability and desire to do so. This condition results from damage to the parietal lobe or other areas involved in motor planning.
You may also like to solve these questions
On observation of the patient, the nurse notes the presence of a gait disturbance. How should the nurse further evaluate the patient?
- A. Palpate the hips for crepitation
- B. Measure the length of the limbs
- C. Evaluate the degree of leg movement
- D. Compare the muscle mass of one leg with the other
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Muscle asymmetry may indicate underlying issues.
In discharge planning with Mrs. Post, it will be important to teach her to avoid exposure to the sun because
- A. concurrent use of steroids and sun exposure lessens the drug's effectiveness
- B. sunlight may cause ulceration of skin lesions
- C. sunlight may aggravate rash and arthritis
- D. the skin will be more sensitive to burning
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Sunlight exposure can worsen lupus symptoms.
Which of the following are the parts of neurons?
- A. brain, spinal cord, and vertebral column
- B. dendrite, axon, and cell body
- C. sensory and motor
- D. cortex, medulla and sheath
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Neurons are the basic building blocks of the nervous system and consist of three main parts: dendrites, axons, and the cell body. Dendrites receive signals from other neurons, the cell body contains the nucleus and organelles, and the axon transmits signals to other neurons or target cells. These components work together to facilitate communication within the nervous system, enabling sensory perception, motor control, and cognitive functions.
What causes an initial incomplete spinal cord injury to result in complete cord damage?
- A. Edematous compression of the cord above the level of the injury
- B. Continued trauma to the cord resulting from damage to stabilizing ligaments
- C. Infarction and necrosis of the cord caused by edema, hemorrhage, and metabolites
- D. Mechanical transection of the cord by sharp vertebral bone fragments after the initial injury
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Secondary injury due to ischemia and inflammation can lead to complete cord damage.
Which statement concerning the areas of the brain is true?
- A. The cerebellum is the center for speech and emotions.
- B. The hypothalamus controls body temperature and regulates sleep.
- C. The basal ganglia are responsible for controlling voluntary movements.
- D. Motor pathways of the spinal cord and brainstem synapse in the thalamus.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The hypothalamus controls body temperature and regulates sleep. The hypothalamus is a part of the brain responsible for maintaining homeostasis, including regulating body temperature and controlling sleep patterns. It acts as a thermostat for the body, adjusting temperature through various mechanisms. Additionally, it plays a crucial role in the sleep-wake cycle by influencing the production of sleep-inducing hormones.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect:
A: The cerebellum is not the center for speech and emotions; it is primarily involved in coordination and movement control.
C: The basal ganglia are responsible for coordinating motor movements and are not directly involved in voluntary movements.
D: Motor pathways of the spinal cord and brainstem do not synapse in the thalamus; they synapse in the brainstem and spinal cord itself.