The presence of dysarthria suggests damage to cranial nerve:
- A. V
- B. XI
- C. XII
- D. VIII
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cranial nerve XII (hypoglossal nerve) is the correct answer because it controls the movements of the tongue, which are essential for articulation and speech. Damage to this nerve results in dysarthria, characterized by slurred or difficult speech due to impaired tongue movement.
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In brain injury a severe trauma in which the brain is not just jarred but the impact also causes bruising to the brain is known as:
- A. Concussion.
- B. Contusion.
- C. Encephalitis.
- D. Crainitus.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A contusion is a type of brain injury characterized by bruising and damage to brain tissue, often resulting from a direct impact to the head. Unlike a concussion, which involves temporary dysfunction without visible damage, a contusion causes physical injury to the brain, leading to swelling, bleeding, and potential long-term neurological deficits. Contusions require careful monitoring and treatment to prevent complications such as increased intracranial pressure.
Which type of fracture occurred when there is radial nerve and brachial artery damage and the fracture is reduced with a hanging arm cast?
- A. Fractured tibia
- B. Colles' fracture
- C. Fractured humerus
- D. Femoral shaft fracture
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The described symptoms point to a fractured humerus.
During your visit Mrs. Aster complains of ringing in her ears. In questioning her, which of the following responses would indicate to you that she understands the possible cause?
- A. I have been eating a lot of fruits lately.
- B. I have been taking a vitamin supplement.
- C. I went to a loud jazz concert last night.
- D. I have been taking more aspirin lately.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Aspirin overdose can cause tinnitus (ringing in the ears).
In providing care for patients with chronic, progressive neurologic disease, what is the major goal of treatment that the nurse works toward?
- A. Meet the patient's personal care needs.
- B. Return the patient to normal neurologic function.
- C. Maximize neurologic functioning for as long as possible.
- D. Prevent the development of additional chronic diseases.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Maximizing function for as long as possible is the primary goal
Lobe that contains the primary motor area that enables voluntary control of skeletal muscle movements:
- A. parietal lobe
- B. temporal lobe
- C. occipital lobe
- D. frontal lobe
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The frontal lobe contains the primary motor cortex, which is responsible for voluntary control of skeletal muscle movements. The parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes have different functions, and the diencephalon is not a lobe. Thus, D is the correct answer.