Nokea
The primary purpose of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is to stimulate the:
- A. Development of the woman's breasts for lactation.
- B. Growth of pubic and axillary hair.
- C. Breakdown of the endometrium in the menstrual flow.
- D. Secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary gland.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: GnRH stimulates the anterior pituitary gland to release FSH and LH, which regulate reproductive functions.
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If a neonate exhibits neck rigidity after birth, this may indicate injury to the
- A. sternocleidomastoid muscle
- B. levator scapula muscle
- C. platysma muscle
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Sternocleidomastoid injury can result in torticollis, presenting as neck stiffness.
Conditions that cause the fallopian tubes to be narrower than normal may result in:
- A. Excessive cramping and bleeding during menstruation.
- B. Increased likelihood of pregnancy during each cycle.
- C. More rapid propulsion of the ovum through the tube.
- D. Implantation of a fertilized ovum within the tube.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Narrower fallopian tubes can trap a fertilized ovum, leading to ectopic pregnancy.
All of the following clinical features would be expected with 'postpartum blues' (adjustment reaction with depressed mood) EXCEPT
- A. frequent tearfulness
- B. irritability
- C. suicidal ideation
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Suicidal ideation is not typical of postpartum blues and may indicate a more serious condition like postpartum depression or psychosis.
While performing a self-breast exam, the patient notes an area on the right breast that is nodular, with some associated tenderness. This is a new onset finding because the exams were
- A. The patient calls to report her findings to the clinical nurse because this is not her typical result. What action should the nurse perform next?
- B. Refer the patient to an oncologist because the results are suspicious.
- C. Ask the patient to come in for an office visit so that the findings can be validated but tell her that this information is within the normal range of presentation.
- D. Have the patient wear a tight-fitting bra and tell her that the tenderness is associated with ovulation and will pass.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a new nodular area with tenderness in the breast is concerning for a potential breast abnormality or pathology. The nurse should advise the patient to report these findings promptly to a healthcare provider for further evaluation, which may include a clinical breast exam, imaging studies, and possibly a biopsy if warranted.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because B jumps to a conclusion without proper assessment or evaluation, C downplays the significance of the findings without proper validation, and D provides inaccurate information about the association of tenderness with ovulation, which is not relevant in this context.
A young female patient comes to the health unit at school to discuss her irregular periods. In providing education regardinNg thRe feImalGe reBpr.odCuctMive cycle, the nurse describes the regular U S N T O and recurrent changes related to the ovaries and the uterine endometrium. Although this is generally referred to as the menstrual cycle, the ovarian cycle includes which phases? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Follicular
- B. Ovulatory
- C. Luteal
- D. Proliferative
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Follicular phase. The ovarian cycle consists of two main phases: the follicular phase and the luteal phase. During the follicular phase, the ovarian follicles mature in preparation for ovulation. This phase is characterized by rising levels of estrogen. The luteal phase follows ovulation and is characterized by the formation of the corpus luteum and increased progesterone levels to support a potential pregnancy. The ovulatory phase is not a distinct phase of the ovarian cycle but rather the event of ovulation itself. Proliferative phase is a term used to describe changes in the uterine endometrium, not the ovarian cycle. Therefore, the correct answer is A, as it accurately reflects the phases of the ovarian cycle.