Nokea
The process of immunity through a controlled exposure to an attenuated organism to stimulate the production of antibodies is ___
Correct Answer: immunization
Rationale: The process of immunity through a controlled exposure to an attenuated organism to stimulate the production of antibodies is immunization.
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A patient is undergoing immunotherapy on a perennial basis. With this form of treatment, the patient receives treatment scheduled in which way?
- A. Larger doses each week
- B. Higher concentrations each week
- C. Increased amounts and concentrations
- D. The same amount and concentration each visit
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Perennial therapy is most widely accepted, because it allows for a higher cumulative dose, which produces a better effect. Perennial therapy begins with a diluted dose of the allergen that is increased progressively each week.
The nurse arrives at the bedside of a patient who has had a unit of packed cells infusing in his right arm for 35 minutes. He is complaining of chills, itching, and shortness of breath. What will be the nurse's initial action?
- A. Cover with a warm blanket.
- B. Take the patient's temperature.
- C. Elevate the head of the bed.
- D. Stop the transfusion and continue with saline.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Moderate reactions, resulting in fever, chills, urticaria, and wheezing, occur after the first 30 minutes of administration. In the event of a moderate reaction, stop the transfusion, continue with saline, and notify the health care provider. Elevation of the head, taking vital signs, and covering with a warm blanket are not wrong, but are not of primary importance.
Which step is the third step in the sequence of a plasmapheresis procedure?
- A. Removal of whole blood in one arm
- B. Circulation of blood through cell separator
- C. Remainder of plasma returned through vein in opposite arm
- D. Separation of plasma and its cellular components
- E. Replacement of plasma with lactated Ringer
- F. Removal of undesirable components
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The whole blood is drawn out of one arm; circulated through a cell separator; plasma is separated with its cellular components; the undesirable components are removed; the remainder of plasma is returned through a vein in the opposite arm; and the lost plasma is replaced with lactated Ringer, normal saline, frozen plasma, or albumin.
Which concern is a major negative effect of cell-mediated immunity?
- A. Depression of bone marrow
- B. Rejection of transplanted tissue
- C. Activation of the T cells
- D. Stimulation of the B cells
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cell-mediated immunity has the negative effect of rejection of transplanted tissue. Activation of T cells and stimulation of B cells are the positive basis of the cell-mediated immunity.
The nurse stresses that when a person produces his own antibodies against a specific antigen, that process of immunity is ___ immunity
Correct Answer: active acquired
Rationale: When a person?s immune system produces specific antibodies against an antigen, that process is an active acquired immunity.