ATI Community Health Proctored Exam 2019

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The RN working within the NFP model of care uses the Minnesota Health Wheel to describe what she does in her role to her own family. Which intervention is the RN likely to describe that is consistent with the public health nurse role of delegation:

  • A. I administered IV antibiotics every 6 hours when the physician or nurse practitioner prescribed them.
  • B. I conducted a full respiratory exam on a mother who might need asthma follow-up.
  • C. I collaborated with the social work services team when I noted that my patient was unhoused.
  • D. I taught the newly pregnant mom about necessary vaccinations to have at this time.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because public health nurses in the NFP model focus on collaborating with other healthcare professionals and community resources to address the social determinants of health. By collaborating with the social work services team when recognizing that a patient is unhoused, the nurse is delegating the appropriate intervention to address the patient's social needs, which is a key aspect of the public health nurse role.

Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they all involve direct patient care interventions that are typically within the scope of practice of the nurse themselves, rather than delegating to other professionals or resources. Option A involves administering IV antibiotics, which is a nursing task. Option B involves conducting a respiratory exam, which is also a nursing task. Option D involves teaching a patient about necessary vaccinations, which is an educational intervention within the nurse's scope of practice.

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What is the MOST COMMON cause of vaginal bleeding immediately after birth?

  • A. Uterine atony
  • B. Genital lacerations
  • C. Abnormal clotting mechanisms
  • D. Endometritis
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Uterine atony. After birth, the uterus may not contract properly, leading to excessive bleeding known as postpartum hemorrhage. Uterine atony is the most common cause, as the uterus fails to remain contracted after delivery. This results in inadequate compression of blood vessels, leading to bleeding. Genital lacerations can cause bleeding but are less common than uterine atony. Abnormal clotting mechanisms and endometritis are less likely causes of immediate postpartum bleeding compared to uterine atony.

What are the steps involved in the community assessment process for community health nurses? (Select all that apply.)

  • A. Writing a community diagnosis
  • B. Evaluating the outcomes
  • C. Collecting assessment data
  • D. Identifying the cause of the problem, planning community interventions
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Identifying the cause of the problem, planning community interventions. This step is crucial in the community assessment process as it helps community health nurses understand the root cause of health issues and develop effective interventions. First, identifying the cause allows for targeted interventions. Second, planning interventions ensures that resources are allocated efficiently. Writing a community diagnosis (A) is an important step but comes after identifying the cause. Evaluating outcomes (B) is necessary but occurs after interventions are implemented. Collecting assessment data (C) is an initial step but does not encompass the entire community assessment process.

While on a hiking trip, a Girl Scout unit rested on Mt. Makiling when scout Jaymee, 14 years old, complained of a sudden, moderately bearable toothache. In their first-aid kit, they discovered they had no mefenamic acid but luckily stumbled upon a home that uses alternative pain-relieving medicinal plants. Which plant would be helpful for the toothache?

  • A. Bawang (garlic)
  • B. Lagundi
  • C. Sambong
  • D. Tsaang gubat
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bawang (garlic). Garlic has natural antibacterial properties that can help alleviate toothache caused by bacterial infection. When chewed or applied topically, garlic can reduce inflammation and pain. It is a common home remedy for toothaches.

Summary of other choices:
B: Lagundi - Lagundi is known for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, but it is more commonly used for respiratory issues, not toothaches.
C: Sambong - Sambong is primarily used for its diuretic and anti-inflammatory properties, not typically for toothache relief.
D: Tsaang gubat - Tsaang gubat is a medicinal plant used for stomach and digestive issues, not specifically for toothaches.

When studying for an epidemiology quiz, what does public health nursing surveillance involve?

  • A. Having all carriers transferred to one main facility for care
  • B. Gathering data to work toward primary illness prevention
  • C. Establishing the incubation period of a disease
  • D. Determining the colonization rate of the disease
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice B is correct:
1. Public health nursing surveillance involves gathering data to prevent illnesses before they occur.
2. Surveillance helps identify trends and risk factors for diseases to inform prevention strategies.
3. By focusing on primary prevention, surveillance aims to reduce the burden of disease on populations.
4. Choice A is incorrect as it does not align with the purpose of surveillance.
5. Choice C is incorrect as establishing the incubation period is part of disease investigation, not surveillance.
6. Choice D is incorrect as colonization rate determination is more focused on transmission dynamics, not surveillance.

While using technique of motivational interviewing with a college student engaged in binge drinking several times per week, the public health RN should begin with which intervention:

  • A. Discussing how the student is managing his overall academic studies since drinking has become a problem
  • B. Explaining to the student the full range of harmful impacts binge drinking has on the body and mind
  • C. Asking open-ended questions and actively listening to the student while trying to remove any judgement
  • D. Asking the student to make a validated survey that reveals attitudes and knowledge about binge drinking
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because in motivational interviewing, it is crucial to establish a non-judgmental, empathetic, and supportive environment. By asking open-ended questions and actively listening, the RN can understand the student's perspective, build rapport, and help the student explore ambivalence about their behavior. This approach aligns with the spirit of motivational interviewing, which aims to evoke the student's intrinsic motivation for change.

Choice A is incorrect because focusing on academic performance may not be the student's priority at the moment. Choice B is incorrect as providing information on harmful impacts may trigger resistance or defensiveness in the student. Choice D is incorrect as starting with a survey may feel impersonal and does not prioritize building a therapeutic alliance.

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