Nokea
The spleen is a highly vascularized organ located in the left upper quadrant of the abdominal cavity. Which is the main function of the spleen?
- A. Serve as reservoir for blood.
- B. Destroy worn-out RBCs.
- C. Promote phagocytosis.
- D. Responsible for development of T lymphocytes.
- E. Continuously produce RBCs during lifetime.
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: The spleen stores 500 mL of blood, which can be released during emergencies, such as hemorrhage. The main functions of the spleen are (1) to serve as a reservoir for blood; (2) to destroy old or imperfect RBCs; and (3) to remove bacteria by phagocytosis (engulfing and digesting).
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The nurse assessing a differential sees an increase in immature neutrophils (bands) and is aware that this indicates which concern?
- A. a significant hemorrhage.
- B. aplastic anemia.
- C. an infection or stress.
- D. beginning recovery from an infection.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An increase in immature neutrophils (bands) is sometimes referred to as 'a shift to the left', and it indicates an infection or stress.
The nurse will prepare the adult patient who will be undergoing bone marrow sampling by explaining the sample will be obtained from which site?
- A. Sternum
- B. Posterior superior iliac crest
- C. Posterior iliac crest
- D. Femur
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The preferred site for bone marrow aspiration puncture in adults is the posterior iliac crest.
Which would a nurse reinforce in a teaching plan for a home health patient with a hemoglobin of 8.4 mg?
- A. Exercising for periods of 30 minutes daily
- B. Limiting fluid intake
- C. Alternating activity with rest periods
- D. Avoiding the use of oxygen
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Persons with severe anemia need to conserve their energy. Observing a rest period after a period of activity will reduce hypoxia. Oxygen may be used as necessary.
When the 14-year-old patient comes into the emergency room in sickle cell crisis, which should be the primary focus of care?
- A. Genetic counseling
- B. Applying ice packs
- C. Pain relief measures
- D. Providing iron replacements
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pain control during the crisis is the focus. Continuous opioids are the mainstay of pain management. Genetic counseling would not be appropriate during a crisis. Ice packs would constrict blood vessels, thus contributing to more pain. Iron replacement is not usually given with sickle cell anemia.
Which food would the nurse recommend to a person with iron-deficiency anemia as an excellent meat source for erythropoiesis?
- A. Dark meat of chicken
- B. Cured ham
- C. Pork chops
- D. Processed meat
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The dark meat of poultry is a good meat source for erythropoiesis.