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The student nurse correctly identifies that which one of the following statements applies to the parasympathetic nervous system?
- A. It is activated during the alarm reaction stage.
- B. It is activated during the resistance stage.
- C. It is activated during the exhaustion stage.
- D. It is commonly referred to as the fight, flight, or freeze response.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The parasympathetic nervous system is activated in the resistance stage to restore normal body function after the sympathetic activation in the alarm stage.
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When a client is experiencing a panic attack while in the recreation room, what interventions are the nurse's first priorities? Select all that apply.
- A. Provide a safe environment.
- B. Request a prescription for an antianxiety agent.
- C. Offer the client therapy to calm down.
- D. Ensure the client's privacy.
- E. Engage the client in recreational activities.
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: Providing a safe environment and ensuring privacy are priorities during a panic attack to reduce stimulation and enhance security.
Which of the following best explains the etiology of anxiety disorders from an interpersonal perspective?
- A. Anxiety is learned in childhood through interactions with caregivers.
- B. Anxiety is learned throughout life as a response to life experiences.
- C. Anxiety stems from an unconscious attempt to control awareness.
- D. Anxiety results from conforming to the norms of a cultural group.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Interpersonal theory suggests anxiety is learned in childhood through inadequate nurturing or distorted caregiver interactions.
A client asks how his prescribed alprazolam (Xanax) helps his anxiety disorder. The nurse explains that antianxiety medications such as alprazolam affect the function of which neurotransmitter that is believed to be dysfunctional in anxiety disorders?
- A. Serotonin
- B. Norepinephrine
- C. GABA
- D. Dopamine
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alprazolam enhances GABA, a neurotransmitter that reduces anxiety by calming neural activity.
The nursing student understands correctly when identifying which objective is appropriate for all clients with anxiety disorders?
- A. The client will experience reduced anxiety and accept the fact that underlying conflicts cannot be treated.
- B. The client will experience reduced anxiety and develop alternative responses to anxiety-provoking situations.
- C. The client will experience reduced anxiety and learn to control primitive impulses.
- D. The client will experience reduced anxiety and strive for insight through Psychoanalysis.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Developing alternative responses to anxiety-provoking situations is a key objective for managing anxiety disorders effectively.
Which techniques would be most effective for a client who has situational phobias? Select all that apply.
- A. Flooding
- B. Reminding the person to calm down
- C. Systematic desensitization
- D. Assertiveness training
- E. Decatastrophizing
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: Flooding and systematic desensitization are behavioral therapies effective for phobias, unlike assertiveness training or decatastrophizing, which address general anxiety.