Nokea
The term associated with loss of taste is:
- A. Xerostomia
- B. Hypogeusia
- C. Dysphagia
- D. Anosmia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, 'Hypogeusia.' Hypogeusia refers to a diminished sense of taste, which can impact nutritional intake, especially in older adults. Xerostomia (choice A) is dry mouth, Dysphagia (choice C) is difficulty swallowing, and Anosmia (choice D) is the loss of the sense of smell. These conditions are different from loss of taste, making them incorrect choices for this question.
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What is the function of the gallbladder?
- A. to store bile
- B. to produce bile
- C. to digest bile
- D. to modify bile to a liquid form
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "to store bile." The gallbladder acts as a reservoir for bile produced by the liver. It releases bile into the small intestine to aid in the digestion of fats. Choice B is incorrect because the liver produces bile, not the gallbladder. Choice C is incorrect as the gallbladder does not digest bile but stores and releases it for digestion. Choice D is incorrect because bile is already in liquid form; the gallbladder does not modify it to a liquid state.
Which metabolic disease is characterized by poor healing, severe forms of periodontal disease, necrosis, xerostomia, and candidiasis?
- A. Hypopituitarism
- B. Diabetes mellitus
- C. Hyperthyroidism
- D. Renal disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Diabetes mellitus is the correct answer. It is associated with poor wound healing, severe periodontal disease, tissue necrosis, dry mouth (xerostomia), and an increased susceptibility to oral infections like candidiasis. Hypopituitarism, hyperthyroidism, and renal disease are not typically linked to the specific oral manifestations described in the question.
Which of the following foods provides the most protein?
- A. Beans
- B. Red peppers
- C. Asparagus
- D. Celery
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Each statement accurately describes the physical effects of food on periodontal health, except one. Which is the exception?
- A. Supragingival plaque biofilm adhesion is influenced by frequent consumption of monosaccharides
- B. Supragingival plaque biofilm adhesion is influenced by frequent consumption of disaccharides
- C. Poor nutrition has an adverse effect on the periodontium
- D. Chewing soft, spongy foods stimulates salivary flow
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Chewing soft, spongy foods does not stimulate salivary flow; rather, firm, fibrous foods like fruits and vegetables do. Soft foods can stick to teeth, promoting plaque buildup. Choices A, B, and C are accurate: Supragingival plaque biofilm adhesion is influenced by both monosaccharides and disaccharides, while poor nutrition can indeed have adverse effects on the periodontium.
Which type of diabetes is often associated with a BMI greater than 25 and an increased percentage of body fat, particularly in the abdominal region, contributing to insulin resistance?
- A. Type 1 Diabetes
- B. Type 2 Diabetes
- C. Gestational Diabetes
- D. Prediabetes
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Type 2 Diabetes is often associated with a BMI greater than 25 and an increased percentage of body fat, particularly in the abdominal region, contributing to insulin resistance. Type 1 Diabetes is an autoimmune condition not primarily linked to BMI or body fat percentage. Gestational Diabetes occurs during pregnancy and is not directly related to BMI. Prediabetes is a condition where blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed as Type 2 Diabetes; although it can be associated with higher BMI, it is not as definitive as in Type 2 Diabetes.