Nokea
The term persistent occipito-posterior position indicates that the occiput
- A. Fails to rotate forward
- B. Escapes under the symphysis pubis
- C. Rotates forward always
- D. Reaches the pelvic floor first
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Persistent occipito-posterior position means the occiput fails to rotate forward.
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Teratogenic causes of congenital malformations include
- A. Infective agents and chromosomes
- B. Radiation and substance of abuse
- C. Prematurity and prophylactic antibiotic
- D. Substance of abuse and postdatism
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Radiation and substances of abuse are key teratogenic causes of congenital malformations.
R. S. is a 66-year-old female with Cushings syndrome due to an ACTH-producing pituitary tumor. The tumor is readily isolated by imaging, and the patient had an uneventful surgery. When seeing her in follow-up, the AGACNP anticipates
- A. Rapid reversal of symptoms, with good pituitary function
- B. Transient rebound release of remaining pituitary hormones
- C. Markedly improved dexamethasone suppression test
- D. Hyponatremia and compensatory SIADH
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In patients with Cushing's syndrome due to an ACTH-producing pituitary tumor, removal of the tumor can result in a transient rebound release of remaining pituitary hormones. This occurs because the suppressed pituitary gland begins to recover and overproduce hormones in response to the sudden decrease in negative feedback from the removed tumor. As a result, patients may experience transient hormonal fluctuations before the pituitary gland establishes a new equilibrium. Therefore, when seeing the patient in follow-up after surgery, the AGACNP should anticipate a transient rebound release of remaining pituitary hormones rather than immediate and rapid reversal of symptoms or markedly improved test results. Additionally, hyponatremia and compensatory SIADH are less likely in this scenario unless there are other underlying factors contributing to it.
The drug of choice for treatment of smear-positive T.B. in a TB-exposed neonate includes
- A. Rifampicin
- B. Streptomycin
- C. Isoniazid
- D. Ethambutol
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Isoniazid is the drug of choice for treating neonatal tuberculosis.
Arrested active phase of labor in a multiparous woman denotes an abnormal labor pattern as characterized by
- A. Cessation of cervical dilatation for more than 2 hours
- B. Cessation of cervical dilatation for more than 4 hours
- C. Duration of latent phase of labor lasting more than 8 hours
- D. Cessation of descent of the presenting part for more than 1 hour
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Arrested active phase is characterized by cessation of cervical dilatation for more than 4 hours.
Laryngeal stridor as a congenital abnormality is caused by
- A. Choanal atresia
- B. Laryngomalacia
- C. Diaphragmatic hernia
- D. Hirschsprung’s disease
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Laryngeal stridor is caused by laryngomalacia, where the soft tissue above the vocal cords collapses inward.