Nokea
The volume of air that can be exhaled after normal exhalation is the
- A. tidal volume
- B. residual volume
- C. inspiratory reserve volume
- D. expiratory reserve volume
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: expiratory reserve volume. After normal exhalation (tidal volume), the expiratory reserve volume represents the additional volume of air that can be forcefully exhaled. This volume is used during activities requiring increased breathing effort. Choices A and C are incorrect because tidal volume is the volume of air inhaled or exhaled during normal breathing, and inspiratory reserve volume is the extra volume of air that can be inhaled after a normal inhalation. Choice B, residual volume, is the volume of air remaining in the lungs after maximal exhalation and cannot be exhaled voluntarily.
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Which assessment information will you need to communicate to the physician?
- A. The client says she has not been to the lab to have an aPTT done.
- B. The right calf is warm to touch and is larger than the left calf.
- C. The client is unable to remember her husband's name.
- D. There are multiple ecchymotic areas on the client's arms.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Swelling and warmth in the right calf suggest worsening DVT, warranting immediate physician notification. Missing lab tests (A), cognitive issues (C), and bruising (D) are less urgent.
cochlea's have how many fluid filled chamber?
- A. 1
- B. 2
- C. 3
- D. 4
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The cochlea has 3 fluid-filled chambers: the scala vestibuli, scala media, and scala tympani. These chambers are essential for hearing as they contain different fluids (perilymph and endolymph) that help transmit sound vibrations. Choice A (1 chamber) is incorrect as the cochlea has multiple distinct chambers. Choice B (2 chambers) is incorrect as it does not accurately reflect the anatomical structure of the cochlea. Choice D (4 chambers) is incorrect as the cochlea typically consists of 3 chambers, not 4. Therefore, the correct answer is C (3 chambers) based on the accurate anatomical structure of the cochlea.
during rest state normal breathing called
- A. Breathing
- B. diaphragmatic
- C. Diaphragmatic breathing
- D. non
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Diaphragmatic breathing. During rest, normal breathing involves the diaphragm contracting and moving downward to draw air into the lungs. This type of breathing is known as diaphragmatic breathing. Choice A (Breathing) is too broad and does not specify the involvement of the diaphragm. Choice B (Diaphragmatic) does not fully describe the process of breathing during rest. Choice D (Non) is incorrect as it does not provide any information related to the breathing process during rest state. Therefore, C is the most accurate choice as it specifically identifies the type of breathing that occurs during rest.
A patient is scheduled to have excess pleural fluid aspirated with a needle in order to relieve her dyspnea. The patient inquires about the normal function of pleural fluid. What should the nurse describe?
- A. It allows for full expansion of the lungs within the thoracic cavity.
- B. It prevents the lungs from collapsing within the thoracic cavity.
- C. It limits lung expansion within the thoracic cavity.
- D. It lubricates the movement of the thorax and lungs.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: It lubricates the movement of the thorax and lungs. Pleural fluid acts as a lubricant between the layers of the pleura, reducing friction and allowing smooth movement during respiration. This function is crucial for the efficient expansion and contraction of the lungs during breathing.
Explanation:
1. A (It allows for full expansion of the lungs within the thoracic cavity): While pleural fluid does contribute to lung expansion, its main role is not to solely allow for full expansion.
2. B (It prevents the lungs from collapsing within the thoracic cavity): This is incorrect as the pleural pressure, rather than the pleural fluid, prevents lung collapse.
3. C (It limits lung expansion within the thoracic cavity): This is incorrect as pleural fluid actually facilitates lung expansion by reducing friction.
A nurse is assessing clients on a rehabilitation unit. Which client is not at risk for airway loss related to aspirated oral and nasopharyngeal secretions?
- A. A 24 year old with a traumatic brain injury
- B. A 36 year old who fractured his left femur
- C. A 58 year old getting radiation therapy
- D. A 66 year old who is a quadriplegic
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, a 36-year-old who fractured his left femur. This client is not at risk for airway loss related to aspirated secretions because a femur fracture does not directly impact the airway or swallowing function. Traumatic brain injury (choice A), radiation therapy (choice C), and quadriplegia (choice D) can all impair the client's ability to protect their airway and increase the risk of aspirating secretions. Therefore, these clients are at higher risk compared to the client with a femur fracture.