Nokea
There are several different transmembranous glucose transporters (Gluts). Question: Which Gluts occur most frequently in the liver and which in the pancreas?
- A. Glut 1 in the liver and Glut 2 in the pancreas
- B. Glut 2 in the liver and Glut 2 in the pancreas
- C. Glut 2 in the liver and Glut 1 in the pancreas
- D. Glut 4 in the liver and Glut 2 in the pancreas
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Liver slurps glucose with Glut 2, pancreas senses it the same both lean on this transporter's flow. Glut 1's elsewhere, Glut 4's muscle-fat turf nurses know this, a chronic glucose gate map.
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The nurse is assessing a client with severe anemia. Which clinical manifestation does the nurse expect to see in this client?
- A. Bradycardia
- B. Pale, cool skin
- C. Hypertension
- D. Warm, flushed skin
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Severe anemia starves oxygen pale, cool skin reflects shunted flow and low hemoglobin, a classic find as body compensates. Bradycardia's rare; tachycardia revs to pump more. Hypertension doesn't fit BP may drop. Warm, flushed skin suits overload, not anemia. Nurses expect pallor, tying it to blood's oxygen flop, a sign guiding transfusion or iron.
A 30yr NZ man goes to PNG, takes 300 mg chloroquine weekly for 2 weeks prior and 4 weeks post his trip. 3/12 later gets febrile/sweats/maleana with malaria parasites on film. The following is true
- A. He took 1/2 the normal dose of chloroquine
- B. If he took primaquine for 2/52 this wouldn't have happened
- C. Assume chloroquine resistance and treat accordingly
- D. This is probably p. falciparum
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: PNG malaria chloroquine's 250 mg norm, resistance rife, not dose, primaquine, or falciparum lock. Nurses switch this chronic resistant fix.
The nurse is caring for four clients on a post-surgical unit. The nurse understands that monitoring the client for which post-operative complication takes priority?
- A. Nausea
- B. Constipation
- C. Pneumonia
- D. Urinary retention
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Post-op lungs falter pneumonia from atelectasis or aspiration tops risks, a breathing threat per ABCs over nausea's discomfort. Constipation or retention nag, not kill. Nurses watch breathing, pushing incentive spirometry, a priority catch in this surgical haze.
Which of the following statements regarding weight regulation is TRUE?
- A. Weight regain after weight loss is physiological and not necessarily due to a failure of conscious efforts (to lose weight)
- B. The reward system of weight regulation is homeostatic in nature
- C. Liking' and wanting' of food are mainly conscious processes
- D. In human studies, functional MRI (fMRI) studies have shown deficiency in reward-encoding brain regions and/or over activation in cortical inhibitory networks in obese people
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Weight bounces back biology, not just willpower; rewards aren't homeostatic, liking's subconscious, fMRI flips, hypothalamus rules. Nurses get this chronic rebound truth.
Nursing considerations that should be applied in the management of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus include:
- A. Blood glucose level monitoring before and after meals.
- B. Preventing the consumption of all high carbohydrate foods.
- C. Skin, foot, and pressure area care when hospitalised.
- D. Minimising exercise to prevent fatigue and foot ulcers.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Nursing care for type 2 diabetes balances monitoring, prevention, and education. Blood glucose monitoring pre/post-meals informs insulin adjustments but isn't universally required frequency varies. Banning all high-carb foods is unrealistic; moderation via glycemic index guides diet, not prohibition. Skin, foot, and pressure area care is critical in hospital peripheral neuropathy and poor healing (e.g., Bob's case) risk ulcers and infections, needing daily inspection and protection, per standards in chronic care texts. Minimizing exercise contradicts management; activity improves insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake ulcer risk is mitigated with proper footwear, not inactivity. Foot care addresses diabetes' microvascular damage (neuropathy, angiopathy), preventing amputation, a leading morbidity, making it a priority intervention in acute settings.