Nokea
There is sufficient evidence to support the use of omega-3 fatty acids to treat the following disease(s):
- A. Asthma
- B. Autism
- C. Arthritis
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Omega-3 fatty acids are supported for arthritis treatment due to anti-inflammatory effects.
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The nurse administers an intravenous medication with a half-life of 24 hours but recognizes what factors in this patient could extend the drug's half-life? (Select one that does not apply.)
- A. Gastrointestinal disease
- B. Kidney disease
- C. Liver disease
- D. Cardiovascular disease
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Kidney disease could slow excretion and extend the drug's half-life. Liver disease could slow metabolism resulting in an extended half-life. Cardiovascular disease could slow distribution resulting in a longer half-life. Gastrointestinal disease would not impact half-life because the medication was injected directly into the bloodstream. Route of administration would not extend half-life because IV injection eliminates the absorption step in the process.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving an intravenous (IV) infusion of an antineoplastic medication. During the infusion, the client complains of pain at the insertion site. During an inspection of the site, the nurse notes redness and swelling and that the rate of infusion of the medication has slowed. The nurse should take which appropriate action?
- A. Notify the registered nurse.
- B. Administer pain medication to reduce the discomfort.
- C. Apply ice and maintain the infusion rate, as prescribed.
- D. Elevate the extremity of the IV site, and slow the infusion.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When antineoplastic medications (Chemotherapeutic Agents) are administered via IV, great care must be taken to prevent the medication from escaping into the tissues surrounding the injection site, because pain, tissue damage, and necrosis can result. The nurse monitors for signs of extravasation, such as redness or swelling at the insertion site and a decreased infusion rate. If extravasation occurs, the registered nurse needs to be notified; he or she will then contact the health care provider.
A staff educator is reviewing medication dosages and factors that influence medication metabolism with a group of nurses at an in-service presentation. Which of the following factors should the educator include as a reason to administer lower medication dosages?
- A. Increased renal secretion
- B. Increased medication-metabolizing enzymes
- C. Liver failure
- D. Peripheral vascular disease
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Liver failure impairs metabolism, and concurrent use of medications metabolized by the same pathway can increase drug levels, both necessitating lower doses.
Donald has been diagnosed with hyperlipidemia. Based on his lipid profile, atorvastatin is prescribed. Rhabdomyolysis is a rare but serious adverse response to this drug. Donald should be told to:
- A. Become a vegetarian because this disorder is associated with eating red meat.
- B. Stop taking the drug if abdominal cramps and diarrhea develop.
- C. Report muscle weakness or tenderness and dark urine to his provider immediately.
- D. Expect 'hot flash' sensations during the first 2 weeks of therapy.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Muscle symptoms and dark urine indicate rhabdomyolysis, requiring immediate reporting.
Azathioprine is useful in the following diseases EXCEPT:
- A. Rheumatoid arthritis
- B. Psoriatic arthritis
- C. Reactive arthritis
- D. osteoarthritis
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Azathioprine is not typically used for osteoarthritis, a degenerative condition.